Types Of Languages Flashcards
What are the 4 types of programming paradigms and give an example of each?
Procedural - Python
Object-Oriented - Java
Functional - Haskell
Logic - Prolog
What is the procedural paradigm?
A type of imperative programming language that uses procedures to define how a problem should be solved.
What is the Object-Oriented paradigm?
A type of imperative programming languag e that uses predefined classes and objects to define how a problem should be solved.
What is the functional paradigm?
A type of declaritive programming in which programs are constructed by apply and composing functions, that operate on data independent on the runtime of the program.
What is the logic paradigm?
A type of declarative programming based on formal logic, set out in logical sentences.
What is Assembly Language?
An language that uses mneumonics that compile one to one to machine instructions
What is the Little Man Computer Instruction Set?
000 - HLT
1 - ADD
2 - SUB
3 - STA
5 - LDA
6 - BRA
7 - BRZ
8 - BRP
901 - INP
902 - OUT
DAT <value></value>
What are the 4 types of memory addressing?
Immediate
Direct
Indirect
Index
What is Immediate addressing?
Uses the value given in the opcode of the instruction.
What is direct addressing?
Goes to the address specified in the opcode of the instruction
What is Indirect addressing?
Goes to the address specified by the address specified by the opcode of the instruction
Opcode -> address -> data
What is Indexed addressing?
Goes to the address specified by the operand + the value in the index register
What is the difference between an object and class?
class is a blueprint defining what attributes and methods are contained
An object is an instance that uses the class as a blueprint to store data
What is inheritance?
When a subclass takes the methods and attributes of its superclass to build a more specific functionality
e.g. Dog inherits Animal
What is a Constructor
The method called when an instance of a specific class is created, which can be passed data to initialise the object created.
What is encapsulation?
Hiding attributes from outside the class, which can only be accessed and modified by exposed getter and setter methods.
What is polymorphism?
Redefining methods in a subclass inherited from its superclass to provide more specific functionallity.
Can also be in reference to overloading, where several methods can be made with the same name but different arguments.
