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MATERIALS OF DESIGN AND DECORATION > TYPES OF FABRIC > Flashcards

TYPES OF FABRIC Flashcards

1
Q
  • From pulp of bamboo grass
  • Anti-bacterial
  • Mixed w/ cotton and polyester
A

Bamboo fabric

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2
Q
  • Cotton fabric
  • W/ white and contrasting color
A

Bandana

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3
Q
  • Broken rib weave
  • Pebbly texture
  • Granular texture
  • From silk, worsted wool & cotton
  • Used in jackets, mens ties & cummerbands
  • Made as a mourning cloth
A

Barathea

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4
Q
  • Created to simulate actual bark of tree
  • Made from cotton and textured
  • Printed w/ large vines, leaves & floral used as draperies, slipcovers etc.
A

Bark cloth

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5
Q
  • Named after Jean Batiste, french linen weaver
  • Resembles nainsook, but is finer (cotton) light weight, soft, semi-sheer fabric
  • For foundation garments & linings
A

Batiste

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6
Q
  • Cotton-like fabric cord w/ raised ridges in lengthwise direction
  • Used for upholstery & work clothes
  • Warp
A

Bedford cord

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7
Q
  • Sturdy warp-faced fabric
  • Pronounced cross-wise ribs
  • Originated in Bengal, India
A

Bengaline

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8
Q
  • Made when yarn is brushed w/ wire brush
  • End fabric has looped, soft pile w/ large air pockets
  • Often compared to fur
A

Berber Fleece

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9
Q
  • Small geometric pattern w/ center dot resembling a bird’s eye
  • Woven on dobby loom
  • Very soft, lightweight & absorbent
  • Also called “diaper cloth”
A

Birdseye

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10
Q
  • French word “buckled”, ringed/ curled
  • Named for ringed appearance
  • Drawn out loop yarn on the face of goods
  • Kinky appearance at intervals
  • Used in upholstery & window treatments
  • Used by Chanel
A

Boucle’

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11
Q
  • Twill weave from France
  • Yarns are interspersed w/ nubs
  • Dull, nubbed surface effect
  • Made in variety of weights
A

Bourette

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12
Q
  • Tightly woven plain weave w/ crosswise rib
  • Originally a silk shirting fabric
  • Named, because, woven in widths
  • Exceeds usual 29”
  • Napped face, closely sheared, polished produce a silky gloss
A

Broadcloth

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13
Q
  • Rich jacquard woven fabric
  • Raised figure flowers
  • W/ pattern emphasize by contrasting surface/ color
  • Design in low relief
  • Figures loose compared to Damask
  • Named derived from french “ornament”
  • Latin word “to figure”
  • Heavy fabric, rich raised design
  • Used for window treatments/ upholstery
A

Brocade

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14
Q

-Tightly woven jacquard fabric w/ a wrap effect
- Raised to give puffed appearance
- Heavy fabric, highly raised designs

A

Brocatelle

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15
Q
  • Coarse cotton fabric heavily sized w/ glue
  • Used for stiffening garments & book binding
  • For interlinings in garments
  • Named for Bokhara, southwest USSR, 1st made cheap, low-textured loose weave, very heavily sized & stiff
A

Buckram

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16
Q
  • From jute / hemp
  • Used in textiles for interiors, esp. wall hanging
  • Used for bagging & wrapping & furniture, linoleum manufacture
A

Burlap/ Gunny

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17
Q
  • Made in solid colors w/c are discharge/ resist printed (use chemical) onto white/ contrasting background
  • From Calcutta, India
  • Oldest cotton staples on market (inexpensive)
A

Calico

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18
Q
  • Calendered on right side to produce slight glass
  • Launders well
  • From Cambrai, France
  • Similar to batiste but stiffer & fewer slubs
A

Cambric

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19
Q
  • Twill face, w/ soft & loosely twisted filling yarn w/c is brushed to produced a soft nap
  • Heavy, warm strong & absorbent
  • From Canton, China
  • Used in linings & interlinings
A

Canton Flannel

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20
Q
  • Even weave, heavy & firm
  • Used for clothing & formerly used for tents & sails “duck”
  • Rugged, heavy material from plyed yarns
  • Usually manufactured in the grey state but some are dyed for different uses.
A

Canvass

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21
Q
  • Softest fabric made, light weight
  • Printed w/ delicate floral pattern, paisley/ geometric pattern & faint design
  • Originally silk & wool blend; now can be single fiber
  • Named from the Anglo-Indian term “ Shalee” — soft
  • From Norwich England in 1832
  • For sheer curtain, kimono
A

Challis

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22
Q
  • Made of color warp yarn (often blue) white filling yarn
  • Molted, colored surface
  • Can be made from cotton, silk/ manufactured fibers; commonly cotton
  • Used for shirts, dresses & child’s cloth
A

Chambray

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23
Q
  • Woven from chenille yarns
  • Fuzzy pile, piles are protruding from it
  • French word “caterpillar”
  • Fabric looks hairy
A

Chenille

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24
Q
  • Broken twill/ herringbone weave
  • Giving a chevron effect
  • Wide vs. across the width of fabric
A

Chevron

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25
Q
  • Thin, diaphanous/ gauze-like, soft, flimsy fabric; but strong despite of filmy look
  • Wears very well, difficult to handle
  • Best for shirring, draping, gathering, tucking etc. - so limp
  • French term for “ rag”
A

Chiffon

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26
Q
  • Glazed cotton fabric often printed w/ bright figured & large flower designs
  • From hindu word “spotted”
  • Glazed calico textiles, imported from India
  • Unglazed are called “cretonne”
  • Used in draperies, slipcovers, dresses etc.
  • Cath kidston brand used the design
A

Chintz

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27
Q
  • Cut pile cotton cloth
  • W/ narrow to wide wales that run in the warp direction good
  • Soft luster, washable & wears well
  • Durable fabric
  • Ridged form of velvet
  • Used in jackets, bags, pants, upholstery
A

Corduroy

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28
Q
  • Lightweight fabric
  • Crinkly surface
  • Produced by hard twist yarns, chemical treatment, weave/ embossing
  • Very good wearing qualifies
  • Very slim effect
  • Depend on weight, used for dresses of all types, long dinner dresses, suits & coats.
A

Crepe

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29
Q
  • Chain stitch embroidery
  • Fine, loosely twisted, 2-ply worsted on a plain weave fabric
  • Done by hand; in Kashmir province of India and England
  • Technique said to be thousand yrs. old
  • Design used outlines of flowers, vines & leaves; one/ many colors
A

Crewel

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30
Q
  • Lightweight, stiffened, plain weave
  • Low yarn count
  • Used as stiffener to garments & drapery hems / puffed sleeves
  • Olden day used as peticotes
A

Crinoline

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31
Q
  • W/ an irregular pattern of nap going in different directions
  • Crushed/ rumpled appearance
  • Looks lustrous
  • Produced by pressing fabric down in different directions
  • Mechanically twisting the fabric while wet
  • Used in beddings
A

Crushed velvet

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32
Q
  • Firm, glossy, jacquard pattern fabric
  • Similar to brocade but flatter & reversible
  • Produced in monochromatic tones
  • Features patterns of flowers, fruit & other design, used in upholstery
  • 1st brought to the western world by Marco Polo from Damascus
  • One of the oldest, most popular cloth to be found today
  • Durable, launders well, holds high luster
A

Damask

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33
Q
  • Rugged, serviceable, staple cotton cloth
  • Left hand twill on surface
  • Used to make blue jeans, for work clothes
  • Warp threads are dyed, where as weft threads remain plain white
  • Name derived from french
A

Denim

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34
Q
  • Thin, sheer cloth in w/c cords stripes maybe woven into fabric
  • Easy to sew & manipulate
  • Launders well
  • Crisp texture w/c remains fairly well after washing
  • Made of silk / wool
  • “Palampore” made in Indian; used as bed coverings
A

Dimity

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35
Q
  • Sheer fabric embellished w/ small dot motifs
  • May vary in color
    From Saint Galen, Switzerland; 1750
A

Dotted swiss

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36
Q
  • Closely woven heavy fabric
  • Most durable according to textile industry
  • Heavier weights called “canvas”
  • Washable; waterproof; wind proof
A

Duck

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37
Q
  • Ribbed cloth w/ crosswise rib effect
  • Soft & belongs to the grosgrain family, but its ribs are flatter than grossgrain
  • Difficult to launder
A

Faille

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38
Q
  • Compact, matted woolen material
  • Derived from the Anglo-Saxon meaning “to filter”
  • From wool & fur, often mixed w/ natural/ synthetic
  • Done through heat, moisture, chemicals & pressure
A

Felt

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39
Q
  • Jagged, undulating
  • Multi- colored pattern
  • Known as “bargello” / florentine stitch
A

Flame stitch

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40
Q
  • Slight nap on both sides
  • From carded wool / worsted yarn
  • Now, made from wool, cotton/ synthetic fiber
  • If one side nap called “ flannelette”
A

Flannel

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41
Q
  • Lightweight cloth, soft finish & feel
  • From plain / twill weave
  • Printed w/ small figures on dark/ light backgrounds
  • Soft, light fabric
  • From India
A

Foulard

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42
Q
  • Uncut loops
  • Style by shearing the loops at varying heights
  • From fries land Holland
  • Used overcoating material for soldiers
A

Frieze

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43
Q
  • Firm, durable compactly woven cloth
  • Diagonal line on the face
  • From worsted finer but can be cotton/ synthetic/ mixed
  • Smooth one side; diagonally ribbed
  • Named for cloak/ mantle; during middle ages (popular)
  • Refer to coarse long loose outer garments worn in medieval times especially the jews
A

Gabardine

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44
Q
  • Thin sheer
  • Plain, leno/ dobby weave
  • Lightweight, soft & transparent
  • Used for curtains next to glass windows
A

Gauze

45
Q
  • Dyed yarns introduced at intervals in both warp & filling to achieve block / check effect
  • From Italian “Ging-gang” — “striped”
  • Strong, serviceable; soft, dull luster surface
  • For upholstery
A

Gingham

46
Q
  • Fine, gauzy, loosely woven fabric in leno weave
  • Known for stiffness & used for women’s cloth
A

Grenadine

47
Q
  • Strong closely-woven corded fabric usually silk/ rayon & w/ cotton filler
  • Heavy rather than ribbed fabric from plain/ rib weaves
  • Weft heavy than warp
  • Called “corded fabric” since weft resemble fine cords
A

Grosgrain

48
Q

Japanese term for “soft as down”
Lightweight, plain weave, silk fabric
Softer than shantung

A

Habotai

49
Q
  • Multi-colored effect
  • Created by blending fibers of different colors
  • Used multiple shades of grey/ another
  • Color to produce muted shade
A

Heather

50
Q
  • Very stiff, wiry cloth from single horsehair filling
  • No more than 26” (66.04 cm) wide
  • Used for upholstery/ stiffening, interlinings to garment to enhance its shape
A

Hair cloth

51
Q
  • Broken twill weave
  • Composed of vertical sections that are alternately right angle in direction
  • Also called “arrow head weave”
  • Broken twill since right & left-hand twill resembles the backbone of a herring fish
  • Used as coats esp. cold countries
    Kdrama
A

Herringbone

52
Q
  • Broken twill weave
  • Medium-sized broken check effects that from an abstract 4 pointed star
  • Doutone pattern, black & white
  • Small pattern referred as “puppy tooth”
  • Used in coats in kdrama
A

Houndstooth

53
Q
  • Use resist dyeing process similar to tie-dye on threads
    “Double Ikat” both warp & weft tie dyed before weaving
  • From “malay” means “to bind”
  • Tribal patterns
A

Ikat

54
Q
  • Woven w/ yarn of one color in warp & another color in the filling
  • Seems to change color as light strikes it
  • Other names “changeable & shot”
A

Iridescent fabric

55
Q
  • Series of paint stripes, light medium/ dark yarns
  • Various effects be produced by twist of yarn
A

Jaspe’

56
Q
  • Metallic threads/ yarn are used
  • Shine & glitter makes it suitable for dressy wear
  • Usually gold, silver, & copper
  • From french term “worked w/ gold & silver wire”
A

Lame’

57
Q
  • Fabrics joined together w/ the use of high strength reinforcing scrim
  • Base fabric, 2 plies thermoplastic film
  • Outdoor fabric
A

Laminated Fabric

58
Q

-Light, thin cloth, plain weave w/ crisp & crease - resistant finish
- Known for “semi-transparency” range from, gauzy/ sheer to an almost opaque effect
- From linen, now is cotton
- From word “Laon” city in France where it is manufactured
- Fine high count yarns, give a silky feel, crispier than voile but not crispy as organdine
- Can be white, dyed/ printed

A

Lawn

59
Q
  • Jacquard striped fabric
  • Simulating silk & embroidery
  • Figuring & color in pattern comes from the warp
A

Lisserie

60
Q
  • Fine firm cotton cloth w/ plain weave background striped/ plaid in color
  • Derived from town in India & old
  • For clothing
A

Madras

61
Q
  • Light weight, open - mesh cloth
  • Leno / doupe weave
  • For clothing, curtains & mosquito nets
  • Similar to grenadine but w/ slightly more open weave
A

Marquisette

62
Q
  • Soft, double cloth w/c has quilted surface
  • Jacquard loom
  • 2 sets of warp & weft yarns
  • Stand out pattern gives “pouch/ quilted”
  • From French mean “ cushioned/ padded”
    -Meant to mimic french handmade quilts
A

Metallase

63
Q
  • Heavy felted, hard, plain, face- finished
  • Napped; closely sheared
  • From Mowbray fox-hunting area in Leicestershire
A

Melton

64
Q
  • Very coarse yarn; rough substantial rather than bulky
  • Tendency to slide stretch & fray
  • Sag in time
A

Monk’s cloth

64
Q
  • Net-like open appearance
  • Variety of construction; woven, knits, laces / crocheted fabrics
  • 1st use in interiors “office chair” Herman Miller
A

Mesh

65
Q
  • Generic term for variety of cotton fabric
  • Sheers to coarse sheeting
  • Smooth delicately woven cotton fabric
  • Used for dress & curtains
  • French term “mousseline”
  • Named 1st made mosul, now Iraq
  • Fine linen known as “Sindon”
A

Muslin

66
Q
  • Fine, soft fabric w/ plain weave
  • Light weight form of muslin
  • Usually w/ stripe, luster
  • Used for infant wear, lingerie / blouses
A

Nainsook

67
Q
  • Sheer fabric of silk, rayon/nylon
  • Smooth transparent, high textured, plain/ novelty weave
  • Delicate & lightweight
  • “French Terga”
  • Used for curtains, evening or bridal wear
  • Like voile but has more body
A

Ninon

68
Q
  • Soft white, closely woven cotton fabric
  • When from silk; called “organza”
  • Sheerest & crispiest cotton cloth
  • Prone to crinkling
  • Calendered on right to produce slight gloss
  • Similar to batiste but stiffer and few slub
A

Organdine

69
Q
  • Coarse cloth, part cotton waste on it.
  • Cheap fabric
  • 18th C. made from flax but 19th C. made in cotton
  • From town in Germany
A

Osnaburg

70
Q
  • Tightly woven, plain weave, ribbed w/ slightly lustered surface
  • Ribbed created by finer silk w/ heavier filler where yarn is covered by warp yarn.
A

Ottoman

71
Q
  • Soft, porous rather stout fabric
  • Silk like luster finish
  • Basket weave structure, soil easily
  • Used for men’s shirt
A

Oxford

72
Q
  • French word “plush”
  • Satin faced material from high luster by roller pressure treatment during finishing
  • Resembles velvet but has much long pile type of crushed velvet; the pile is forced in one direction, applying heavy pressure.
A

Panne

73
Q
  • Cotton cloth w/ smooth firm finish
  • Closely woven, plain weave fabric
  • Fine, lustrous, smooth cloth w/ min. thread count of 180 threads per square inch
  • Common weave for bed sheets
A

Percale

74
Q
  • Medium weight/ heavy fabric w/ raised cords that run in the warp direction
  • Tightly woven & durable
  • For polo shirts & waffle weave
  • Valued by golfers
A

Pique

75
Q
  • Treated in a striped motif/ spot formation
  • Use caustic soda solution that shrinks parts of the goods to provide sprinkled/ pleated effect
  • No need to be ironed
  • Called wrinkle crepe & made in shrink process
A

Plisse

76
Q
  • Warp pile covered w/ surface of cut pile yarns
  • Pile is longer but not densly woven as velvet
  • From french term “peluche”; Latin “Pilus” means “Hair”
  • For upholstery & furniture; dress & millnery
A

Plush

77
Q
  • From cotton sometimes silk
  • 1st made in France in 1834 as dull surface net w/ various shred holes
  • White/ colored dots
  • For curtains, bassinets, formal wear
A

Point D’esprit

78
Q
  • Originally thin, natural, tan- colored silk
  • From wild Chinese silk w/ knotty rough weave, high luster
  • Named from Chinese “Pun-ki” meaning “ woven at home on ones own loom”
  • Used as drapery lining
A

Pongee

78
Q
  • Combed & carded fabric w/ satin weave construction
  • Calendered to produce high luster
  • W/ intricate floral patterns called “chintz”
A

Polished Cotton

79
Q
  • Fine rib effect in filling direction from selvage to selvage
  • Heavy, durable fabric; ribbed appearance
  • From obsolete French “papeline”
A

Poplin

80
Q
  • Similar to poplin but more distinctive cross rib cord
  • Heavy suits & coats for men & boy’s wear used
  • For upholstery & drapery
A

Rep

81
Q
  • W/ satin weave
  • Smooth lustrous surface effect
  • Used if the fabric uses short- staple yarns such as cotton (skips 6-7 yarn)
A

Sateen

82
Q
  • Very smooth, lustrous face effect while back of material is dull
  • From Zayfun, China
  • Favorite of court life since it exquisite quality & feel from latin “Seta” — silk
  • Term used when filament fiber such as silk, nylon/ polyester are used
A

Satin

83
Q
  • High grade coating fabric
  • From wool of merino sheep raised in Saxony, Germany
  • Fine & high quality fabric
  • Soft to the cloth, drapes well
  • Absorb moisture well resist wrinkles
  • Name for soft woolen cloth w/ effects
A

Saxony

84
Q
  • Open mesh plain weave cloth
  • Used w/ buckram
A

Scrim

85
Q
  • Lightweight cotton cloth
  • Warp lies fast & second warp becomes crinkled, because of chemical treatment
  • Striped/ checkered
  • For summer suits
A

Seersucker

86
Q
  • Oldest basic term in textile
  • Diagonal lined/ ridges on both sides
  • 2 up & 2 down twill weave
A

Serge

87
Q
  • Raw silk from Tussah silk fabric made from several fiber but designated slub filling yarn
  • Wrinkles a bit & slips at the seams
  • From one of the city in China (originated)
A

Shantung

88
Q
  • From twill weave
  • Smooth compact surface resembles skin of shark
  • Substantial feel , lightweight, excellent wear
  • Sheds dirt readily
A

Sharkskin

89
Q
  • Fine quality cotton fabric
  • Thread count is low, sheeting defined as muslin
  • Thread count is high, the yarn is combed
  • Defined as “Percale”
A

Sheeting

90
Q
  • Lightweight, from different, colored yarns making iridescent look
  • Crisp but not stiff hand
  • From rayon/ polyester blend
  • Used for apparel, sophisticated window treatments & pillow
A

Shimmer

91
Q
  • From Germany & Austria
  • To produce freedom of body movement for the athlete
  • Good surface texture, durable & moisture absorbent
A

Stretch Woven

92
Q
  • Twill weave silk/ rayon
  • Wrinkles easily
  • Soft & flexible, lightweight & lustrous
A

Surrah

93
Q
  • Fine, plain weave, smooth both sides w/ sheen on its surface
  • May be solid colored, printed/ woven
  • Luxury for women’s wear 16th C.
    -From Persian fabric named “Taftan”
  • Dressy fabric
A

Taffeta

94
Q
  • Plain weave, 2 up & 2 down twill weave
  • From Spain
  • Called “tiritana”
  • Associated w/ Scottish clans
  • Specific woven pattern signify Scottish clan in modern era
  • Blocks of color that repeat vertically & horizontal
  • Square patter & lines known as “Sett”
  • Known as “plaid”
A

Tartan

95
Q
  • From cotton
  • Uncut loops on both sides of fabric
  • Absorbent, the greater the loops the more it absorbs
  • When pile is only one side called “Turkish Towelling”
A

Terry Cloth

96
Q
  • Broad term, extremely strong
  • Covering for pillows, mattresses & box springs, home furnishings & for work clothes & sports clothes
  • Striped, twill/ sateen weave
  • Sturdy & strong smooth & lustrous
A

Ticking

97
Q
  • From 100% microfiber polyester
  • lightweight fabric
  • Silky feel & slight sheen, excellent draping
  • Known as “crepe de chine”
A

Tissue Faille

98
Q
  • Durable heavy poplin
  • From polyester & cotton blend
  • Utility cloth, for table cloth, chair covers
A

Trigger

99
Q
  • Rough, irregular, soft & flexible, unfinished
  • Shaggy cloth
  • “Tweed River”
  • Oldest & most popular outer wear fabrics
  • Twill plain weave
  • Check / herringbone pattern
A

Tweed

100
Q
  • World’s 1st ultra microfiber
  • Tradename: Dr. Miyoshi Okamoto in1970
  • Feels like natural suede
  • Age better that real suede, multifunctional
  • For fashion, interior, automotive & industrial
  • Described as the most all microfiber on market.
A

Ultrasuade

101
Q
  • Loosely applied to cut pile cloths
  • Fine raised finish
  • French term “Velvet”
  • Resembles velvet but has a lower cut pile
A

Velour

102
Q
  • Warp pile cloth in a succession of rows of short cut pile stand close together to have even surface
  • Extra set of filling warps
A

Velvet

103
Q
  • Filling pile is made by cutting an extra set of filling yarns (weft)
  • Usually made in cotton
  • Imitation velvet
A

Velveteen

104
Q
  • Crisp, lightweight, plain weave cotton like fabric
  • Similar appearance to organdy / organza
  • Used in blouse dresses
  • From French term “veil”
A

Voile

105
Q
  • Honeycombed weave
  • Used for coatings, draperies, dresses and towels
A

Waffle

106
Q
  • Have been laundered before shipping
  • Done to reduce shrinkage
A

Washed

107
Q
  • Cloth made from cross-bred yarns and a strongly colored
  • Highly raised, lustrous and nap in one direction
A

Zibeline

MATERIALS OF DESIGN AND DECORATION (5 decks)

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