Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Stage 2: CMS > Types of Epilepsy > Flashcards

Types of Epilepsy Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

What type of seizure does the presence of an aura suggest?

A

Temporal lobe focal seizure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are types of aura in epilepsy?

A
  • Deja vu
  • Strange smells
  • Flashing lights
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What may occur post-ictally in epilepsy?

A
  • Headache
  • Confusion
  • Myalgia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is Todd’s palsy?

A
  • Temporary post-ictal weakness (transient neurological deficit) after a focal seizure in the motor cortex
  • Face, arm or leg weakness, aphasia, gaze palsy
  • Lasts ~30 min-36h
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What can occur post-ictally after a focal seizure in the temporal lobe?

A

Dysphasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is one organic cause of seizures?

A

Anti-VGKC-complex encephalitis (anti voltage gated potassium channel antibodies)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What do all patients with a seizure need to be referred for?

A

Specialist assessment and investigation in < 2 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are key features of an epileptic seizure?

A
  • Tongue biting
  • Slow recovery
  • Funny turns/odd behaviour in the past
  • Deja vu and odd episodic feelings of fear
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are potential triggers of an epileptic seizures?

A
  • Alcohol
  • Stress
  • Flickering lights/TV
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What types of seizures are often seen with underlying structural disease?

A

Focal seizures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the 3 types of focal/partial seizure?

A

1) Without impairment of consciousness
2) With impairment of consciousness
3) Evolving to bilateral, convulsive seizure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the features of a focal seizure without impairment of consciousness?

A
  • Focal motor, sensory, autonomic or psychic symptoms

- NO post-ictal symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the features of a focal seizure with impairment of consciousness?

A
  • Impaired awareness either at seizure onset or following a simple partial aura
  • Post-ictal confusion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

From where do focal seizure with impairment of consciousness usually arise from?

A

Temporal lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What type of generalised seizure do ⅔ of focal seizures typically become?

A

Convulsive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the 4 types of generalised seizures?

A

1) Absence
2) Tonic-clonic
3) Myoclonic
4) Atonic (akinetic)

17
Q

What are the key features of absence seizures?

A
  • Brief (< 10s) pauses
  • e.g. suddenly stops talking in mid-sentence then carries on where left off
  • Presents in childhood
18
Q

What are the key features of tonic-clonic seizures?

A
  • LOC
  • Limbs stiffen (tonic) then jerk (clonic) - may have one without the other
  • Post-ictal confusion and drowsiness
19
Q

What are the key features of myoclonic seizures?

A
  • Sudden jerk of a limb, face or trunk

- May be thrown suddenly to the ground or have a violently disobedient limb

20
Q

What are the key features atonic seizures?

A
  • Sudden loss of muscle tone causing a fall

- No LOC

21
Q

What are the key features of a temporal lobe focal seizure?

A
  • Automatisms - primitive oral (lip smacking) or manual movements (fiddling), impaired awareness
  • Dysphasia
  • Deja vu or jamais vu
  • Emotional disturbance and derealisation (out of body experience)
  • Hallucinations - smell, taste or sound
  • Delusional behaviour
  • Bizarre associations
22
Q

What are the key features of a frontal lobe focal seizure?

A
  • Posturing or peddling movements of the legs
  • Jacksonian march - spreading focal motor seizure with retained awareness often starting with face or thumb
  • Motor arrest
  • Subtle behavioural disturbances
  • Dysphasia or speech arrest
  • Post-ictal Todd’s palsy
23
Q

What are the key features of a parietal lobe focal seizure?

A
  • Sensory disturbances - tingling, numbness, pain (rare)

- Motor symptoms - due to spread to the pre-central gyrus

24
Q

What are the key features of an occipital lobe focal seizure?

A

Visual phenomena e.g. spots, lines, flashes

25
Q

What are the key features of seizures non-epileptic attack disorder (pseudo seizures)?

A
  • Gradual onset
  • Prolonged duration
  • Abrupt termination
  • Closed eyes ± resistance to eye opening
  • Rapid breathing
  • Fluctuating motor activity (course and intensity)
  • Episodes of motionless unresponsiveness
  • No post-ictal confusion
  • Side to side head and body movements
  • May co-exist with true epilepsy
26
Q

How do you treat non-epileptic attack disorder?

A

CBT

Stage 2: CMS (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions