Types of data & study designs Flashcards
What is Funder’s 2nd law?
There are no definite answers when it comes to personality, only cues and cues are ambiguous.
What are the pros and cons of self-report data?
Pros:
Simple and easy
Causal force
Definite truth
Can gather lots of info
Access to thoughts and feelings
Cons:
Bias & error
Overused
What are the pros and cons of informant data?
Pros:
Large amount of information
Real-world basis
Consideration of context
Definitional truth
Causal force
Cons:
Limited behavioural information
Lack of access to private experience
Bias & error
What are the pros & cons of behavioural data?
Pros:
Can examine a range of contexts
Appearance of subjectivity
Cons:
Time-consuming and costly
Uncertain interpretation
Bias
What are the pros & cons of life outcome date?
Pros:
More objective and verifiable
Intrinsic importance
May be easily accessible
Cons:
Multi-determination
May be more accessible to some than others
Can be difficult to collect
What are case studies?
Closely studying a particular event or person
What are the pros & cons of using case studies?
Pros: describes a whole person, source of new ideas and it’s necessary to solve particular problems
Con: the generalizability is unknown
What are the pros and cons of experimental designs?
Pro: can provide a test of causality
Cons: unnatural context, some variables can’t be manipulated and there’s no way to know if you’re manipulating what you think you are
What are two examples of correlational methods?
Longitudinal and cross-sectional studies
What are the pros and cons of correlational designs?
Pros: can examine naturally occurring relationships and variables that can’t be manipulated
Cons: unable to determine causality and susceptible to the third variable effect
What are the similarities between the experimental and the correlational method?
They both attempt to assess the relationship between two variables
Both yield measures of the effect size and statistical significance
What’s Funder’s third law?
Something beats nothing
