Types of conformity Flashcards
What are the three types of conformity?
- Internalisation
- Identification
- Compliance
These types describe different ways individuals conform to group norms.
Define internalisation in the context of conformity.
When a person genuinely accepts the group norms, resulting in a permanent change in opinions/behaviour.
This change persists even in the absence of group pressure.
What is identification in terms of conformity?
Conforming to the opinions/behaviour of a group to be accepted, even if privately disagreeing.
This involves a public change in behaviour while maintaining private beliefs.
Describe compliance as a type of conformity.
Going along with others in public without changing personal opinions or behaviour.
Compliance leads to a superficial change that ends when group pressure stops.
What are the two main reasons people conform according to Morton Deutsch and Harold Gerard’s theory?
- The need to be right (ISI)
- The need to be liked (NSI)
These needs reflect central human motivations influencing conformity.
What is informational social influence (ISI)?
Conforming based on the belief that others have more accurate information.
ISI often occurs in ambiguous situations or when quick decisions are needed.
When is informational social influence most likely to occur?
- In new situations
- In ambiguous situations
- In crisis situations
These conditions lead individuals to rely on group behavior for guidance.
What is normative social influence (NSI)?
Conforming to group norms to avoid rejection and gain social approval.
NSI is an emotional process that results in temporary changes in behaviour.
In what situations is normative social influence likely to occur?
- In situations with strangers
- In social groups where approval is desired
- In stressful situations
The need for social support increases the likelihood of conformity.
What did Asch’s research demonstrate regarding normative social influence?
Participants conformed due to fear of disapproval, with private answers reducing conformity.
This indicates that NSI plays a significant role in conformity.
What did Lucas et al. (2006) find regarding informational social influence?
Participants conformed more to incorrect answers when math problems were difficult.
This supports ISI as participants relied on group answers when unsure.
What is a limitation of normative social influence?
NSI does not predict conformity in every case; individual differences exist.
Some individuals, called nAffiliators, conform more due to a strong need for affiliation.
True or False: The distinction between ISI and NSI is always clear in research studies.
False
It is often difficult to determine which influence is at work in conformity situations.
What are nAffiliators?
Individuals with a strong need for affiliation and a greater concern for being liked.
They are more likely to conform according to normative social influence.
How does a unanimous group affect conformity according to Asch’s research?
A unanimous group provides strong disapproval and conveys that everyone is in the know, increasing conformity.
This illustrates the interplay of both NSI and ISI in group dynamics.
