Types of Computer Flashcards
Processes continuous data (e.g., speed, temp). Accepts data directly, output on dials/scales. Real-time operations, continuous data representation.
Ex: Speedometer, and Mercury Thermometer
Analogue Computer
It is one of the simplest types of mechanical analogue computers. It was developed to perform basic mathematical calculations. It is made of two rods. To perform the calculation, the hashed rod is slid to line up with the markings on another rod.
Slide Rules
It was developed to perform differential calculations. It performs integration using wheel-and-disc mechanisms to solve differential calculations.
Differential Analysers
It was invented by Al-Jarazi. It was able to save programming instructions. Its height was around 11 feet and it was provided with the display of time, the zodiac, and the solar and lunar orbits. This device also could allow users to set the length of the day as per the current season.
Castle Clock
In this type of analogue computer, electrical signals flow through capacitors and resistors to simulate physical phenomena. Here, the mechanical interaction of components does not take place. The voltage of the electrical signal generates the appropriate displays.
Electronic Analogue Computer
What are the Types of Analogue Computers?
Slide Rules
Differential Analysers
Castle Clock
Electronic Analogue Computer
Processes discrete data (0s and 1s). Fast calculations & logical operations. Stores large info, easy feature additions. High speed, reliable.
Ex: Laptop, Desktops, and Smartphones
Digital Computer
Combines analogue & digital features. Processes both continuous & discrete data. Fast, accurate. Used in specialized apps.
Ex: Petrol pump processor.
Hybrid Computer
TYPES OF COMPUTER on the basis of DATA HANDLING CAPABILITIES:
Analogue Computer
Digital Computer
Hybrid Computer
Biggest & fastest. Processes huge data amounts. Used in science & engineering (weather, simulations). Trillions of instructions/sec.
It was first developed by Roger Cray in 1976.
Supercomputer
Supports hundreds or thousands of users/programs simultaneously. For large organizations (banking, telecom). High data processing, long lifespan, reliable.
Mainframe Computer
Applications of Mainframe Computers:
In ______ ____, it enabled hospitals to maintain a record of their millions of patients in order to contact them for treatment or related to their appointment, medicine updates or disease updates.
Health Care
Applications of Mainframe Computers:
In the _____ __ ______, it allows the defense departments to share a large amount of sensitive information with other branches of defence.
Field of Defense
Applications of Mainframe Computers:
In the _____ __ _________, it helps big universities to store, manage and retrieve data related to their courses, admissions, students, teachers, employees and affiliated schools and colleges.
Field of Education
Applications of Mainframe Computers:
In the _____ _____, the retail companies that have a huge customer base and branches use mainframe computers to handle and execute information related to their inventory management, customer management, and huge transactions in a short duration.
Retail Sector
Midsize, multiprocessing. Supports some users. For institutes/departments (billing, inventory). Smaller than mainframe, larger than microcomputer.
Miniframe or Minicomputer
It mainly performs two primary functions that are collecting data and feedback. If any abnormality occurs in the process, it is detected by the minicomputer and necessary adjustments are made accordingly.
Process Control
It is an excellent device for small organizations to collect, store and share data. Local hospitals and hotels can use it to maintain the records of their patients and customers respectively.
Data Management
It can also play the role of a communication device in larger systems by serving as a portal between a human operator and a central processor or computer.
Communications Portal
What are the Three Primary Functions of Minicomputers
Process Control
Data Management
Communications Portal
Single-user, for technical/scientific apps. Fast microprocessor, large RAM, high-speed graphics. Specialized tasks (graphics, CAD).
Workstation
It has more processor cores than simple laptops or computers.
Multiple Processor Cores
It is provided with Error-correcting code memory that can fix memory errors before they affect the system’s performance.
ECC RAM (Error Correcting Code Random Access Memory)
It refers to multiple internal hard drives to store or process data. It can be of different types, for example, there can be multiple drives to process data or mirrored drives where if one drive does not work than other starts functioning.
RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks)
It is better than conventional hard-disk drives. It does not have moving parts, so the chances of physical failure are very less.
SSD (Solid-state drive)
It reduces the load on CPU. E.g., the CPU has to do less work while processing the screen output.
Optimized, Higher end GPU
Five Features (Workstation):
Multiple Processor Cores
ECC RAM (Error Correcting Code Random Access Memory)
RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks)
SSD (Solid-state drive)
Optimized, Higher end GPU
Personal computer. For individual use. Microprocessor CPU. Laptops, desktops. Smallest, inexpensive, easy to use.
Microcomputer
