Types of Artficial Light Sources Flashcards
Also known as light bulb by the lay consumer
incandescent lamps
The _______ the filament of incandescent lamps, the more _________ the lamp is in converting electricty into light and _____ the light.
hotter, more efficient, whiter
In incadescent lamps, hotter operation reduces lamp life. ( T/F)
T
Incadescent filaments can reach temperatures of between ________ and ________.
Also, electromagnetic radiation from filament inclused a signigificant amount of visible light mainly in _____, _____, _____ wavelengths.
The filament can be operated at higher temperatures with chemically inert fill gases such as _______, ________, ________.
Incandescent lamps have wattages between __ to _______ W and voltages of ___ to ____ V.
4600, 6000
red, orange, yellow.
argon, krypton, xenon
3, 1000, 6, 277
_______ or ______ bases hold the lamp in the socket and attach the lamp to the electrical circuit.
It is familiar threaded base found with ORDINARY LAMP up to 300 W
Threaded, pinned
Medium base
It is a smaller threaded base used in ornamental lighting such as chandeliers.
Candelera base
larger threaded base found on lamps that are 300 W or greater
Mogul base
used in applications where the difficult or cost of changing lamps is prohibitive
long-life lamps
special version of standard lamps that are helpful for rough or vibratin service
rough service lampS
not unbreakablle but they break less frequently and when they break, the shattered glass contained within the plastic coating
plastic-coated lampS
used in decorative and accent lighting applications that require good control or higlighting
low-voltage lampS
Frequently called “halogen lamps” a smaller, brighter and more expensive version of incandescent lamps.
contain gases such as ______ ______
tungsten-halogen lampS
iodine , bromine
Electricity passing through a gas that it causes the gas to arc.
It produces CONTINUOUS light by passing electricity through a gas contained within the lamp.
produces ______________ that causes a phosphor coating inside the lamp to glow
gaseous discharge lampS
ultraviolet radiation
it is an additional device that is required in all gaseous discharge lamps.
A voltage transformer and current-limiting devoce designed to start properly control the flow of power to discharge light sources such as fluoresent and HID lamps.
It can consume up to ___ % of the electricity used to power a luminaire.
ballast
20
type of ballasts, increase and control voltage, heavy noise
magnetic or iron ballasts
less noise, and capable of dimming lamp
electronic ballasts
extremely annoying in quite places
ballast noise
It is calculated by dividing the lumen output of a lamp ballast combination by the lumen output of the same lamp on a reference ballast.
Ballast Factor
________ and __________ should be matched so the luminaire can produce the largest light output.
ballastS , lampS
it is composed of a tubular glass bulb that is covered with a thin phosphor coating on its inside surface
fluorescent lamps
Fluorescent lamps is a glass bulb with a low pressure gas containing ___________.
mercury vapor
___________ are filament-like ______ at the end of the bulb that act as terminals for the electric circuit.
cathodes, coils
these are commercially available in U shaped of circular tubes in variety of sizes, wattages, voltages, colors and types of base.
linear fluorescent lamps
This type of fluorescent lamp offer higher output in comparison to standard output fluorescent lamps., consumes more power, lower efficacies, warehouse, factories, school gymnasiums
High Output and Very High Output fluorescent lamp
these are miniaturized fluoresent lamps
designed as a substitute for standard size incandescent lamp
compact fluorescent lamps (CFL)
Fluorescent lamps are
available in wattages of
between ___ to ____ W and
lengths of ___ to ____ inches.
20 - 125
6-96
The _________ blend in a fluorescent lamp determines the color temperature and color rendering of the light emitted by the lamp.
phosphor
___________ are the most popular, least expensive, and lowest quality phosphors.
halo phosphors
All fluorescent lamps are designed to operate at a specific air temperature, usually a surrounding air temperature of ____ degree Farenheit
77
It is the ratio of light ( luminous flux) emmited by the fluorescent luminaire to the electrical energy consumed, including ballast.
Luminaire Efficacy Rating
This lamps produce a very bright light by discharging an arc
includes mercury vapor, _____________, and high pressure ________ lamps
High Intensity Discharge LampS
metal halide, sodium
this contains the fill gas
internal arc tube
These are the first commercially available HID lamps
mercury vapor lampS
MV lamps are availbel in wattages ranging from ___ to _____ W.
50 , 1000
MV lamps are constructed of an internal _____ tube enclosed in an outer glass envelope.
quartz
These are constructed similar to MV lamps except that it has various ________ added to mercury and argon in the glass fill.
offers much better efficay and color rendition
available in wattages up to ___ to ______ W
Metal Halide lampS, metal halide
32 1000
This contain an internal arc tube made of translucent ceramic material rather than _________ glass because of the high temperature.
Available in wattages rating from ___ to ______ W
A small amount of solid metallic _____ and ______ is sealed in a _____ glass fill inside the ceramic arc tube.
sodium, mercury, xenon
High-pressure sodium lampS, quartz
18, 1000
are a blend between HID and fluorescent lamps
and it produces a __________________ yellow light consisting of almost entirely of orange-yellow wavelengths
Low-pressure sodium lampS
monochromatic
Full light output does not occur immediately when power is applied, there is a start-up time delay called _________ before the lamp reaches it peak output.
(LPS lamps)
strike time
A restart delay called the ________ of one to several minutes is needed before the lamp reached its peak output
( LPS Lamps)
restrike time
this lamps combine the luminous efficacy of an HID lamp with the good color rendering of an incandescent lamp, no start time and this total luminous flux is available immediately.
blended lampS
The advantage of this lamp is that they are interchangeable with incandescent lamps and have longer life, but they cannot be dimmed
mercury-tungsten blended lampS
this referes to the type of lighting that uses light-emitting diodes ( LEDs), organic LEDS, or polymer LEDs
solid-state lighting
It is a semiconductor that consists of a chip of semiconducting material treated to create a structure of two electron-charged electrons.
light-emitting diodeS
LED individual chips emits light in a specific ____________________, so the light source is near _____________.
wavelength, monochromatic
RED LED - __________________
BLUE LED- _______________
GREEN LED- ___________________
aluminum gallium arsenide
indium gallium phosphide
aluminum gallium phosphide
Fluorescent and HID lamps have some ________ content.
mercury
How can white light be achieved in LED
phosphor conversion
RGB systems
