Types of Animal and Plant Tissue

Question 1

What are the four types of animal tissue?

Answer 1

Epithelial, connective, nervous, muscle

Question 2

Describe epithelial tissue.

Answer 2

Epithelial tissue covers body surfaces, protects organs and forms glands. It does not contain blood vessels, and relies on underlying tissue for nutrients. Some epithelial tissue contains cells that secrete substances. Epithelial cells are arranged close together

Question 3

Provide some example of epithelial tissue.

Answer 3

Skin, lining of digestive and respiratory systems.

Question 4

Describe connective tissue.

Answer 4

Composed of an extracellular matrix made of collagen and elastin for strength and flexibility, with cells within it. Connective tissue provides support for all parts of the body, binds other tissues together.

Question 5

Provide examples of the types of connective tissue

Answer 5

fibrous connective tissue, adipose tissue, cartilage, bone, blood, areolar (cartilage and tendons)

Question 6

Describe nervous tissue

Answer 6

Nervous tissue is made of neurons, which consist of multi-branched dendrites and an extending axon. Nervous tissues makes up the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves. The structure of neurons is specialised for their function of passing messages around the body,

Question 7

Identify types of neurons

Answer 7

Sensory neurons detect external stimuli, and motor neurons stimulate muscle contraction.

Question 8

Describe muscle tissue

Answer 8

Muscle tissue is composed of cells that are highly specialised for contraction. They are elongated, and contain specific proteins that interact to cause lengthening and shortening.

Question 9

What are the three types of muscle tissue?

Answer 9

Skeletal (striated), cardiac, and smooth

Question 10

Describe skeletal muscle tissue

Answer 10

Long cells with striations (light and dark areas). Striations caused by arrangement of proteins. This muscle tissue is attached to bone and their contraction causes movement. They are voluntary muscle tissues.

Question 11

Describe cardiac muscle tissue

Answer 11

Present in the heart, and also have striations. Individual cells have specialised junctions for heart contractions. Involuntary muscle tissue.

Question 12

Describe smooth muscle tissue

Answer 12

Do not have striations, their contractions pushes substances through specialised organs such as intestines, involuntary.

Question 13

What are the three organ systems in plants?

Answer 13

Shoot system, root system and vascular system

Question 14

What is the shoot system?

Answer 14

The part of the plant above ground. Supports the plant, enables transport, carries out photosynthesis and reproduction. (Organs: leaves, stem)

Question 15

What is the root system?

Answer 15

The part of the plant below ground. Absorbs water and nutrients (Organs; roots with root hairs)

Question 16

What is the vascular system?

Answer 16

The transport system of the plant, made of xylem and phloem vessels.

Question 17

What are the four types of tissues in plants?

Answer 17

Meristematic tissue, dermal tissue, vascular tissue, ground tissue.

Question 18

What is meristematic tissue?

Answer 18

Contains the stem cells of the plant, found in root and shoot tips. In the meristematic tissue, cells divide to produce new growth. Woody plants have meristem tissue in rings of their stem.

Question 19

What is dermal tissue?

Answer 19

Protects the other plant tissues, found on the outer layers of the stem, roots and leaves. Controls interactions with plants’ surroundings.

Question 20

What is the outermost layer of dermal tissue called and what are some of its functions?

Answer 20

The epidermal layer secretes a waxy cuticle to reduce water loss. Epidermal cells may also have hairs to trap air and reduce evaporation. Other epidermal cells have root hairs for water and mineral uptake.

Question 21

What is vascular tissue?

Answer 21

Tissue responsible for transporting substances around the plant. Made of xylem (water from roots to leaves) and phloem (sugar from leaves to plant)

Question 22

What is ground tissue?

Answer 22

All the internal cells of the plant that isn’t vascular tissue. Consists of a variety of cells types for storage, support, and photosynthesis.