types of Amputations Flashcards
toe
at any phalanx or at the MTP joint
Chopart
between the talus/calcaneus and the proximal tarsals
Lisfranc
between the metatarsal shafts and the distal tarsals
transmetatarsal
just proximal to the metatarsal heads
Syme’s
removal of the calcaneus and talus from the bottom of the tib/fib
Boyd’s
like Syme’s except leave the calcaneus. Calcaneus is most distal intact bone, all other bones of the foot removed.
knee disarticulation
removal of tib/fib and maybe patella. uncommon. usually in children when they don’t want to disrupt the growth plate. but hard to fit with prosthesis.
ankle disarticulation
aka SYME’s
transtibial
fibula always cut slightly shorter
transfemoral
any length but the greater trochanter must remain intact
hip disarticulation
usually seen in cancer and cases of osteomyelitis; femoral head is removed from the acetabulum
hemi-pelvectomy
disarticulation at the syphysis pubis and SI joint. rely heavily on the trunk movements and contralateral pelvic tilt to move the prosthesis.
surgical goals
maintain as much healthy tissue as possible while getting rid of all the diseased tissue. individually cauterize the vessels. nerves tucked back into tissue rather than remaining free or getting stuck in scar tissue. maintain maximal sensory and motor fxn.
IPOP
immediate post op prosthesis
shrinker
applied immediately after traumatic amputation to shrink the tissue, get rid of edema, and shape the residual limb to cylindrical shape for better fitting prosthesis.
