TYPES / MEASURES OF IMPULSE CONTROL DISORDERS Flashcards
1
Q
What are impulse control disorders?
A
- A category of psychiatric disorders, characaterised by an repeated inability to resist harmful impulses, failures in self control, and compulsive behaviours.
2
Q
Name 3 types of impulse control disorders?
A
- Pyromania
- Kleptomania
- Gambling disorder
3
Q
Define pyromania?
A
- An impulse control disorder characterized by an irresistible urge to deliberately start fires. A pyromaniac may feel a sense of arousal and satisfaction once the fire has started.
4
Q
ICD Criteria for pyromania?
A
- IMPULSE- powerful irresistible impulse to start fires to property/objects.
- TENSION- Inc sense of tension directly prior to the fire-starting.
- NO EXTERNAL MOTIVATION: Fire-starting is not done for financial gain, political expression, revenge, to conceal crimes.
- NO OTHER EXPLANATION: Not better explained by another disorder (mania, psychosis, intoxication)
5
Q
Define Kleptomania
A
- An impulse control disorder characterised by an irresistible, recurrent impulse to steal items that are not needed for personal use or financial gain.
6
Q
ICD criteria- Kleptomania
A
- IMPULSE: Powerful irrestible, recurrent urge to steal.
- TENSION: Intense feelings of tension, affective arousal, during and immidiately following the theft.
- NO EXTERNAL MOTIVATION: Not commited for external/obvious reasons (revenge, financial neccessity, delusions)
- NO OTHER EXPLANATION: Not better explained by another condition (conduct disorder, mania, ASPD)
7
Q
Define gambling disorder
A
- An impulse control and addictive disorder characterized by persistent and recurrent problematic gambling behavior, leading to significant impairment or distress.
8
Q
ICD CRITERIA- GAMBLING DISORDER
A
- IMPULSE: Persistent and recurrent gambling behavior, despite negative consequences.
- CONTROL: Impaired control over gambling, including frequency, intensity, and duration.
-
PERSISTENCE: Continuation despite harm, including financial problems, relationship issues, or job loss.
Gambling behavior must be present for a year (but can be met in a shorter duration if all diagnostic requirements/symptoms are severe)
9
Q
What is one self-report scale that can diagnose Kleptomania?
A
- Kleptomania Symptom Assessment Scale (KSAS)
10
Q
What is the Kleptomania Symptom Assessment Scale?
A
An 11 item self-rating scale which measures impulses; thoughts; feelings and behaviors related to stealing over the last 7 days.
11
Q
How are items rated on the KSAS?
A
- Items are rated on a 0-4 or 0-5 scale (0= no symp, 4-5= severe, frequent, enduring)
- High scores indicate high severity, duration of symptoms
12
Q
Name 1 strength and 1 weakness of the KSAS
A
- Strength= Produces quantitative data as it uses numerical rating scales to measure symptom severity. Easy to analyse= track symptoms, changes over time, comparisons.
- Weaknesses= self-report bias/ socially desirability bias. The disorder carries stigma thus patients may downplay symptom severity.
13
Q
How can pathological gambling be diagnosed?
A
- Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale- Modified for Gambling (PG-Y-BOCS)
14
Q
What is the PG-YBOCS?
A
- A 10 item self-report item adapated from the Y-BOCS, used to measure the severity of gambling disorder symptoms.
15
Q
How are items rated on the PG-YBOCS?
A
- 0-4 scale
16
Q
How is the PG-Y-BOCS adminstered?
A
- Administered via a structured interview.
- Takes 10–20 minutes, assessing gambling behaviour over the past week
17
Q
How are the items scored on the PG Y-BOCS?
A
- Mild (0-7)
- Severe (32-40)
18
Q
Name 1 strength and 1 weakness of the PG-Y BOCS?
A
- Strength: Effective for monitoring symptom changes over time (before and after treatment)
- Weakness: Self-report bias as it relies on self-reported data (subjective), patient awareness, and honesty. Patients may downplay symptom severity to the stigma the disorder carries.
