Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Block 6 Week 2 Colt > Types III and IV Hypersensitivity - Hunter > Flashcards

Types III and IV Hypersensitivity - Hunter Flashcards

1
Q

What type of immune reactant is used in type 3?

A

IgG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What type of antigen is used in type 3?

A

soluble Ag

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the effector mechanism of type 3?

A

Complement, phagocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are two notable type 3 reactions?

A

serum sickness and arthus reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the most sensitive organ to immune complexes?

A

kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

High dose intravenous ag will result in what three reactions?

A

Vasculitis, nephritis,k and arthritis. Immune complexes deposited in blood vessel walls, glomeruli, and joint spaces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Subcutaneous ag delivery will result in what reaction?

A

Arthus reaction, immune complex deposited in perivascular area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Inhaled ag delivery will result in what reaction?

A

Farmer’s lung; deposition in alveolar-capillary interface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the visible finding of small scale vascular damage? Large scale?

A

Petechia is small, purpura is large

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Do you get immune complex disorders with Ab or Ag excess?

A

Ag excess

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

when in the course of an infection do you have Ag excess?

A

early on in the infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

why do the Ag complexes not fix C early in the infection?

A

they are numerous, but too small to fix C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Immune Complexes Bind to RBCs and are Cleared by (blank)

A

Mononuclear Phagocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

C3b/C4b bound to immune complexes binds CR1 on (blank)

A

RBCs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Splenic macrophages and liver Kupffer cells have (blank) receptors that engage immune complexes on RBCs

A

Fc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

T/F: The immune complexes are stripped and destroyed from RBCs in the spleen, then the intact RBCs return to the circulation

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What event do you need to be able to deposit immune complexes in arterial walls?

A

turbulent flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

where do immune complexes like to deposit

A

renal glomeruli and small vasculature of skin and joints–hence purpura and vasculitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Immune complexes deposit (between/on top of) endothelial cells

A

between

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Complement is activated by immune complexes on vasculature by releasing (blank)

A

anaphylatoxins C3a andC5a

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What cells are recruited to immune complex plaques?

A

neutrophils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What do the attracted neutrophils do that actually causes the vasculitis in immune complex deposition?

A

frustrated phagocytosis leading to granule exocytosis, causing inflammation and tissue destruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Describe what happens when an immune complex binds to endothelium?

A
  1. Activate complement allowing C3b to opsonize the immune complex
  2. Release of anaphylatoxins C3a andC5a which chemoattract neutrophils
  3. Frustrated phagocytosis results in granule release
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What clinical findings do we see when we have immune complex deposition in the glomerulus? Why?

A

Hematuria and proteinuria; frustrated phagocytosis broke down the glomerular integrity allowing protein and blood into the urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is the most common post-infecious acute proliferative nephritis?

A

Post-strep glomerulonephritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Does Post-strep glomerulonephritis have a good or bad prognosis?

A

good

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

How do patients present with post-strep glom.?

A

hematuria and proteinuria, elevated specific gravity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Why does the glomerulus become hypercelluar in post-strep glom?

A

neutrophil infiltration and proliferation of intrinsic glomerular cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Immunofluorescence of post-strep glom. shows what characteristic?

A

it is lumpy-bumpy

30
Q

How do you confirm the Dx of post-strep glom?

A

evidence of invasive Streptococcus pyogenes infection such as a elevated anti-DNAase B titer

31
Q

Can viral infections result in immune complex deposition in the kidney?

A

yes, Hep B!`

32
Q

The Arthus reaction is limited to what area of tissue?

A

subcutaneous only

33
Q

What do you need to already have around to have an Ag injection cause an Arthus reaction? Why would you have this?

A

High levels of IgG to the Ag; let’s say someone just had an active infection of the Ag and is receiving a booster vaccine

34
Q

Describe the process of the Arthus reaction?

A
  1. Ag injection
  2. Local immune complex formation
  3. Activation of FcgRIII on mast cells; degranulation
  4. inflammation, edema, blood vessel occlusion
35
Q

What receptor do mast cells use to bind immune complexesin the Arthus reaction?

A

FcgRIII; interacts with IgG

36
Q

What vaccinations are the most common cause of Arthus reaction?

A

Tetanus and diphtheria

37
Q

T/F: Arthus reaction causes local vasculitis

A

true

38
Q

what are the clinical manifestations of Arthus rxn?

A

severe pain, swelling, induration, edema, hemorrhage, and occasionally necrosis

39
Q

Can a person have an arthus reaction if they have never been exposed to that Ag before?

A

NO; MUST BE PREVIOUSLY SENSITIZED

40
Q

What Ig forms complexes with the penicilloyl moiety?

A

IgG

41
Q

why do you get hives with serum sickness?

A

Complement activation releases C3a which causes histamine release from mast cells

42
Q

What are the three -itis things you get with serum sicknes?

A

vasculitis, nephritis, and arthritis

43
Q

What happens to pt’s with serum sickness when the Ag is removed?

A

they get better!

44
Q

What are the two other names for Farmer’s lung?

A

Extrinsic Allergic Alveolitis (Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)
bird fancier’s disease

45
Q

what type of pathogen causes farmer’s lung?

A

fungal

46
Q

what type of Ig do you develop to inhaled molds?

A

IgG

47
Q

Why do you get lung inflammation in farmer’s lung?

A

immune complexes fix complement, releasing anaphylatoxins and causing inflammation

48
Q

T/F: serum Abs to the allergens can be measured via immunoassay

A

true

49
Q

what pathology can result to extended exposure to lung allergens?

A

lung fibrosis

50
Q

What can you use to treat acute farmer’s lung?

A

corticosteroids

51
Q

How do people with farmer’s lung present clinically?

A

headache, fever, shortness of breath, a non-productive cough and myalgia, PFT shows restrictive defects.

52
Q

What are two organisims that cause farmer’s lung?

A

Micropolyspora faeni and Aspergillus fumigatus

53
Q

DTH is mediated by what t cell?

A

Th1

54
Q

DTh is what type of hypersensitivity?

A

type 4

55
Q

In DTH, macrophages produce what?

A

IL12

56
Q

What does IL12 from macrophages do to TH1?

A

release of IFNg, increases macrophage activity, release of TNF-a, acts of vascular endothelium

57
Q

what do the macrophages produce that stimulate th17 in DTH?

A

TGF-b and IL23

58
Q

What do the Th17 cells release that attracts neutrophils in DTH?

A

Il17 and IL22

59
Q

What do CTLs happen to make in DTH?

A

IFNg

60
Q

What causes allergic contact dermatitis?

A

activation of CD4 or CD8 cells

61
Q

allergic contact dermatitis Ags normally form what complex with self proteins?

A

hapten:protein complexes

62
Q

(blank) take up and process antigen, migrate to lymph nodes, and activate T cells; memory T cells migrate to the dermis in allergic contact

A

Langerhan’s dendritic cells

63
Q

A subsequent exposure to the sensitizing chemical in allergic contact activates the memory T cells which release mediators like (blank)

A

IFN-g

64
Q

In allergic contact, IFN-g stimulates (blank) to release a variety of cytokines and chemokines that enhance the inflammatory response by recruiting and activating monocytes

A

keratinocytes

65
Q

Hapten-modified peptides are presented in MHC Class (blank) molecules to CD4 T cells (genetic susceptibility and HLA)

A

MHCII

66
Q

T/F: first time exposure to poison ivy only causes mild symptoms

A

treu

67
Q

second exposure to poison ivy elicits a memory (blank) cell response

A

T

68
Q

Contact dermatitis presents clinically with (blank) and histologically with (blank)

A

epidermal blisters; mononuclear infiltrates

69
Q

How can you treat contact dermatitis?

A

SYSTEMIC corticosterioids

70
Q

How do metal allergies work?

A

metal ions bind to host proteins and activate T cells

71
Q

Once T cells are activated in metal allergies, what happens?

A

T cell releases IFNg, which activates keratinocytes to release mediators that cause mononuclear infiltration

72
Q

What is the only treatment of metal allergies?

A

avoidance of the metal

Block 6 Week 2 Colt (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions