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Block 6 Week 2 Colt > Type II Hypersensitivity - Hunter > Flashcards

Type II Hypersensitivity - Hunter Flashcards

1
Q

What Ig causes type II?

A

IgG

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2
Q

What is the antigen type in type 2?

A

cell or matrix associated Ag

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3
Q

What is the effector mechanism of type 2?

A

FcR+ cells, aka phagocytes and NK cells

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4
Q

What is a good example of a type 2 reaction?

A

penicillin allergy

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5
Q

What are three types of hemolytic anemias caused by type 2?

A

transfusion reactions (ABO mismatch), drug induced, hemolytic disease of the newborn

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6
Q

Type 2 can present with autoantibodies to self proteins on cells or the (blank), or stimulate or block (blank)

A

on cell or INTRAcellular matrix; stim or block cell surface receptors

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7
Q

Explain frustrated phagocytosis?

A

Fc receptors on phagocytes bind to Abs on a self-cell, but can’t bind to the cell, so the granules get released into the tissue instead of the target cell and cause inflammation and injury

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8
Q

what are two examples of Ab-mediated cellular dysfunction?

A

Ab blocking of neurotransmitter uptake or Ab stimulating a receptor without a hormone present

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9
Q

Mismatched Transfusions Result in (blank)-Mediated RBC Destruction

A

Ab

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10
Q

What are the two paths that RBCs can be destroyed in ABO mismatch?

A

recipient Abs to wrong blood group bind to RBC which activates Fc receptor and is phagocytized OR Abs to ABO activate complement and cause HEMOLYSIS

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11
Q

How does penicillin cause hemolytic anemia?

A

Penicillin hapten binds to RBC; C3b binds; phagocytized; presented to CD4 T cell, TH2 activates B cells to produce anti-penicillin Abs

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12
Q

What class of Ig are anti-penicillin Abs?

A

IgG

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13
Q

The patient had an (blank) molecule capable of presenting drug-modified peptides

A

MHC

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14
Q

Is the first RH+ baby at risk for a Rh_ mom?

A

nope, second and on

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15
Q

what causes hemolysis of fetal RBCs in Rh problems?

A

maternal IgG anti-Rh Abs that cross the placenta

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16
Q

Severe anemia from Rh problems can cuase what in the fetus?

A

heart failure and massive edema (hydrops fetalis)

17
Q

What are the effects of fetal hemolysis if it survives?

A

brain damage due to bilirubin buildup

18
Q

Which coomb’s test measures the fetal blood?

A

direct

19
Q

which coomb’s test measures the maternal blood?

A

indirect

20
Q

describe the direct coomb’s test?

A

fetal blood (with maternal Ab bound) added to well, then add secondary Ab and measure agglutination

21
Q

describe the indirect coomb’s test?

A

take maternal serum (containing anti-Rh + Abs), add fetal RBCs, then add secondary Ab and measure agglutination–SANDWICH ELISA

22
Q

How do you treat hemolytic disease of the newborn?

A

intrauterine transfusion via umbilical vein in the placenta

23
Q

If Rh ags are too sparse on the RBC surface to bind C1q and lyse via complement, how does the fetus have hemolysis?

A

by phagocytosis of the RBCs

24
Q

Why is there less of risk of Rh alloimmunization when the baby is ABO INCOMPATIBLE with mom?

A

Mom will destroy the RBCs before she can become alloimmunized

25
Q

Why are Rh- RBCs used for the intrauterine transfusion even though the baby is Rh+?

A

Mom’s Rh+ Abs won’t lyse the transfused RBCs

26
Q

How long would it take a baby’s hematocrit to return to normal after birth if he suffered hemolysis in utero? Why?

A

6 weeks; NEED TO DEGRADE MOM’S IgG ABS!!

27
Q

When do you give RhoGam?

A

28 weeks gestation and within 72 hours of delivery to Rh- women

28
Q

How does RhoGam work?

A

Anti-Rh Abs oposonize Rh+ fetal RBCs for phagocytosis and prevent alloimmunization

29
Q

Antibodies to Streptococcal M Antigens Cross-React with Antigens on (blank and blank) Tissue

A

heart and synovial

30
Q

The strep cell (blank) stimulates the Ab response in rheumatic fever

A

cell wall

31
Q

Some strep abs cross react with heart tissue causing (blank)

A

rheumatic fever

32
Q

(blank) proteins share epitopes with proteins found in synovium, heart muscle, and heart valve

A

Group A Streptococcal M

33
Q

(blank) contributes to the arthritis, carditis, and valvular damage

A

Molecular mimicry

34
Q

What is the Tx for post-strep rheumatic fever?

A

NSAIDS, corticosteroids, and antibiotics

35
Q

What determines the prognosis of post-strep rheumatic fever?

A

severity of the initial carditis

Block 6 Week 2 Colt (3 decks)

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