Types and explanations of conformity Flashcards
Who suggested the three types of conformity?
Kelman (1958)
What is internalisation?
When a person genuinely accepts the group norms. Private and public change of opinions/behaviour. Change is usually permanent because attitudes have been internalised. The changes persist even in the absence of other group members.
What is identification?
Conforming to the opinions and/or behaviours of a group because we value it and want to be a part of it. We may publicly change our opinions and behaviours to be accepted by the group, even if we don’t privately agree with everything the group stands for.
What is compliance?
A superficial and temporary type of conformity where we outwardly go along with the majority view but privately disagree with it. Opinion and/or behaviour stops as soon as group pressure stops.
Who developed the two process theory?
Deutsch and Gerald (1955)
What is informational social influence?
We agree with the opinion of the majority because we believe it is correct. We accept it because we want to be correct as well. May lead to internalisation.
What is normative social influence?
We agree with the opinion of the majority because we want to gain social approval and be liked. May lead to compliance.
Research support for ISI
Lucas et al: students give answer to easy/difficult maths questions
More conformity to incorrect answers with difficult problems
Most true for those who rated maths ability as poor
People conform when they do not know the answer, predicted by ISI
Look to other people: assume they must be better than us/are right
Research support for NSI
Asch line study: asked to explain why gave wrong answer
Some said self-conscious giving right answer/afraid of disapproval
Written answers: conformity fell to 12.5%
Supports that they were conforming due to NSI
