types and explainations of conformity Flashcards
state the definition of ‘conformity’
A change in a persons opinions or behaivours as a result of real or imagined pressure from a person or group.
What is the difference between real pressure and imagined pressure
Real pressure is where there are consequences for conforming and imagined pressure has no consequences for not conforming
What is internalisation
Making a permanent change to your own beliefs, values, attitudes and behaivours to those of the group.
it is the strongest type of conformity and often is a result of isi
What is identification
A temporary change of behaivours and beliefs in the presence of the group
What is compliance
Following other peoples ideas/to go along with the group to gain their approval and avoid their disapproval, you publically agree with views but privately disagree and usually occurs as a result of nsi
State the definition of Informational social influence
When someone conforms due to the belief that someone else holds more knowledge than them, and is more likely to be correct
Where does informative SI occur and what can it lead to?
It occurs in situations where a person does not have the knowledge to make a decision and can lead to internalisation
Who provided the evidence for informational social influence, and what di did it involve?
Fein et al, asked p’s to vote for a US president after they saw others voting for someone else, found that most p’s changed their vote due to wanting to be correct
What is normative social influence?
When an individual conforms due to wanting to be liked by the group the belief that they will be ostracised or percieved negatively if they dont
When does normative SI occur
When someone wants to avoid the situation of disagreeing with the majority
State 1 strength of Normative social influence as an explanation for conformity
Real-life application, Evidence supporting link between NSI and bullying.
Garandeau+Cillissen found that a boy can be manipulated by a bully into victimising someone else as the bully provides a common goal.
Boy more likely to conform out of fear of disapproval
State 1 strength of Informational social influence as an explanation of conformity
Evidence support, Lucas et al found that conformity to an obviously incorrect maths answer was greater when the question was more difficult, and P’s more likely to view their own ability unfavourably.
shows how individuals are more likely to turn to others when information is lacking to make their own decision.
State 1 limitation of explanations of conformity
Neither explanation of conformity explain why some resist both ISI and NSI, so the explanations cannot be generalised to a wider population and cant account for individual differences
Who proposed the ‘Two process model’,
Deutsch and Gerard
What does the 2 process model suggest about the explanations of conformity
ISI and NSI may not be completely exclusive
