Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Endocrine Lectures > Type 2 diabetes > Flashcards

Type 2 diabetes Flashcards

1
Q

What is the pathophysiology of Type 2 DM?

A

Genetic predisposition and Obesity lifestyle factors lead to:
INsulin resistance
-Compensatory beta cell hyperplasia (Normoglycemia)
Beta cell failure - Impaired glucose tolerance
Beta cell failure - Diabetes
Primary beta cell failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the ominous octet?

A 
Decreased insulin secretion
Increased lipolysis
Increased glucose reabsorption
Decreased glucose uptake
Neurotransmitter dysfunction
Increased hepatic glucose production
Increased glucagon secretuin
Decreased incretin effect
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

which gender has an increased risk of diabetes?

A

Females

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the 3 factors important in T2DM development?

A

Susceptibilty
Adaptation
Failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is strongly associated with the development of macrovascular complications?

A

Insulin resistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How is CVD risk treated?

A

Statins/Anti-hypertensives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does chronic hyperglycemia lead to?

A

Microvascular disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What other condition has insulin resistance?

A

PCOS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

If a patient is symptomatic what can be diagnostic?

A

One test (RBG>11.1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the relationship between insulin secretion and sensititvity?

A

As Secretion decreases, senstivity increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the mechanism of metformin?

A

Decreased hepatic gluconeogenesis

Increased peripheral glucose uptakes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does metaformin do?

A

Decreased HbA1C
Weight neutral
No hypoglycaemic when monotherapy
Decreased Ca and CHD risk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are some side effects of metformin?

A

GI

Lactic acidosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the target for HBA1C?

A

48-53mol/mol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What factors lead to failure to reach glycaemic targets?

A 
Younger
Female
Obese
Not at BP or lipid targets
More complex glucose lowering therapties
Poor compliance with meds, lifestyle etc
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Sign guidlines for diabetes?

A

Metformin/Sulphonylurea if MF intolerant - Weight loss
Sulphonylurea - Thiazide diuretic if hypoglycemic, DPPIV if Weight gain
TZD, DPPIV, INsulin, GLP-1

17
Q

What is the mechanism of sulphonylurea?

A

Blocks beta cell Katp channel

Increase insulin secretion

18
Q

What does sulphonylurea do to diabetes?

A

Decreased HBA1C
Increased Weight gain
Increased Hypoglycaemia

19
Q

What are the adverse affects of sulphonylurea?

A

Abnormal LFTs

Increased CHD

20
Q

What is the mechanism of Glitazone?

A

PPARgamma activator

Increased peripheral glucose uptake

21
Q

What is the outcome of glitazone?

A

Decreased Hba1c

Increased weight gain

22
Q

What are the adverse effects of glitazone?

A

Increased fracture risk 2-3x
Hepatotoxicity
Fluid retention

Endocrine Lectures (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions