Type 1 Diabetes (unfinished)

Question 1

What islet antibodies are most used in practice?

Answer 1

IA-2, GAD, Znt8

Question 2

Can islet antibodies predict disease?

Answer 2

Yes the presence of them can indicate the likeliness of developing T1DM

Question 3

What is GAD?

Answer 3

Glutamate decarboxylase antibody

Question 4

Who is gad +ve in?

Answer 4

T1DM
More common in females
~80% positive

Question 5

Is there a genetic component to T1DM?

Answer 5

Yes

Risk increases if direct family member is affected

Question 6

What time of year is T1DM presentation most common?

Answer 6

Winter months

Question 7

Pathogenesis of T1DM?

Answer 7

Age related decline in Beta cell mass
Immune dysregulation
Environmental triggers and regulators
Persisting beta cell production?
C-peptide production life-long?

Question 8

What is insulin used for?

Answer 8

Increases Glucose uptake
Decreases Gluconeogenesis
Decreases Lipolysis

Question 9

What is glucagon used to regulate?

Answer 9

Stimulates Gluconeogenesis

Stimulates Lipolysis

Question 10

Why do people with DKA have muscle breakdown?

Answer 10

In a catabolic state due to lack of insulin

Question 11

What is insulin deficiency?

Answer 11

Accelerated starvation