Type 1 diabetes

Question 0

Pathophysiology of type 1

Answer 0

The autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells, leads to a deficiency of insulin secretion which results in the metabolic derangements. In addition to the loss of insulin secretion, the function of pancreatic α-cells is also abnormal w excessive secretion of glucagon. Normally, hyperglycemia leads to reduced glucagon secretion, however, in patients with IDDM, glucagon secretion is not suppressed by hyperglycemia. The result is inappropriately elevated glucagons levels exacerbate the metabolic defects due to insulin deficiency.

Question 1

Definition of type 1

Answer 1

Autoimmune disorder in which beta cells are destroyed in a genetically susceptible person. Immune system fails to recognize normal body cells as “self” and takes destructive actions against them.

Question 2

Incidence of type 1 (who gets this disease)

Answer 2

Development is an interactive effect of genetic predisposition & exposure to certain environmental factors. Risk is great for those who have at least one parent w type 1.

Question 3

Risk factors of type 1

Answer 3

• Age (The first peak occurs in children between 4 and 7 years old, and the second is in children between 10 and 14 years old).
• Genetics (presence of certain genes)
• Family history (anyone w a parent or sibling)
• Geography (type 1 diabetes tends to increase as you travel away from the equator)

Question 4

Signs & symptoms of type 1

Answer 4

Abrupt onset, thirst, hunger, increased urine output, weight loss

Question 5

Complications & related care of type 1

Answer 5

Complications of 3 ps*** get back to this one!

Question 6

Medical/surgical treatment of type 1

Answer 6

• *non surgical**
• nutritional interventions
• blood glucose monitoring
• planned exercise program
• drug therapy required for type 1.
• *surgical**
• transplantation of the pancreas
• islet cell transplantation

Question 8

Pharmacology & related nursing care for type 1

Use, effects & mode of action

Answer 8

-anti diabetic drugs: insulin secretagogues, sulfonylurea agents, meglitinide analogs, insulin sensitizers….

Get back to this….

Question 9

Nursing care for type one diabetes

Answer 9

control of diabetes and it complications.

Question 10

Patient teaching type 1

Answer 10

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Question 11

A client with Type I diabetes understands sick-day management of diabetes when which of the following statements is made?

Answer 11

I will continue to take my insulin, even if i am sick.