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Pro Diagnostic EPPP > Tw Test 7 > Flashcards

Tw Test 7 Flashcards

0
Q

Item difficult - p* - is measured on what type of scale?

A

Ordinal - represents the percentage of people who answered an item correctly

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1
Q

Who was the first to use meta analysis .

A

Smith and glass

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2
Q

Exposure to media violence in childhood

A

Increases aggressive behavior in adolescence regardless of SES / gender

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3
Q

Selection test with validity coefficient of .50 wil have greatest incremental validity when

A

Selection ratio is .05 and base rate is .50

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4
Q

Glasgow Coma scale

A

Rates three categories of patient response: eye opening (activating center), best verbal response (cns), best motor response (movement of arms and legs)

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5
Q

Rancho Los Amigos scale

A

Used in acute rehabilitative settings following release from intensive care

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6
Q

Kuder Richardson

A

Measured tests internal consistency reliability - used for dichotomously scored items

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7
Q

Over correction involves

A

Restitution
Guided movement
Positive practice

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8
Q

Cingulate cortex

A

Part of the limbic system associated with emotions and motivation - satisfaction center (eating and sex) - excitatory role - motivation

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9
Q

Emotional divorce

A

Bowen - extreme emotional distance

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10
Q

Alloplastic vs autoplastic

A

Changing environment vs changing self

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11
Q

Transactional - transformational paradigm of leadership

A

BURNS - Seems to apply across cultures and organizations - transactional focused on tangible rewards and loyalty; transformative focus on higher order needs and raise consciousness

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12
Q

Over learning is best for

A

Simple tasks that must be remembered for a long period of time

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13
Q

Post concussional syndrome

A

Somatic and psychological symptoms associated with head trauma (not necessarily severe trauma)

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14
Q

Amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles are associated with which disorders?

A

Alzheimer’s

Parkinson’s

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15
Q

Normal pressure hydrocephalus vs hydrocephalu

A

Hydrocephalus - sx include headache followed by vomiting, downward deviation of the eyes, urinary incontinence

Normal pressure hydrocephalus - affects ppl over age 60 - difficulty walking, urinary incontinence, dementia / mental disturbance

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16
Q

Highest levels of child abuse In Which ethnic groups?

A

Native American and African American

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17
Q

WISCIII - freedom from distractibility measured by

A

Arithmetic and digit span

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18
Q

Are you required to release confidential information to police?

A

No, not unless s/he is a danger to self/others

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19
Q

Stability of big 5 traits (most, least)

A

Most - extra version

Least - neuroticism

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20
Q

The upper and lower limits of a tests standard error of measurement ranges from

A

0 to the standard deviation of the test

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21
Q

Kirkpatricks training evaluation model

A

Reaction, learning, behavior, result

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22
Q

Early memory and attention deficits in Alzheimer’s is believed to be caused by decreased

A

Acetylcholine (cholinergic)

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23
Q

Prader Willi is caused by a

A

Chromosomal deletion

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24
Q

Causes of mental retardation

A

Early alteration of embryonic development (30%)
Environmental influences / other mental disorders (15-20%)
Pregnancy and perinatal problems (10%)
Heredity factors (5%)

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25
Q

Which smoking cessation technique is least associated with long term abstinence

A

Nicotine replacement

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26
Q

What is a career anchor?

A

The motivation of priorities that define how people see themselves and their work (schein)

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27
Q

What is the most common dx for inpatients aged 18-44

A

Schizophrenia

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28
Q

Extent and severity of long term problems associated with ADHD are strongly related to whether the child also had

A

Conduct problems

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29
Q

Negative feedback

A

Nothing changes - homeostasis maintained

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30
Q

Positive feedback

A

Promotes change

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31
Q

Opisthotonus

A

Whole body spasm

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32
Q

Dysarthria

A

Imperfect articulation of speech

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33
Q

Akathisia

A

Inability to sit still, pacing

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34
Q

Akinesia

A

Loss or impairment of muscle activity

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35
Q

Orbits frontal cortex

A

Phineas Gage - central role in excitability, behavioral inhibition, personality, judgement

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36
Q

Primacy effect more powerful for long or short term recollection?

A

Long term

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37
Q

Stranger anxiety begins around

A

9 months of age

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38
Q

Symptoms of dementia due to HIV

A

Cognitive slowing, impaired attention, forgetfulness, apathy, social withdrawal, clumsiness and leg weakness.

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39
Q

Blocking

A

A second stimulus is presented with the conditioned stimulus but when presented alone does not elicit the same response

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40
Q

What percentage of those with panic disorder also have agoraphobia?

A

33-50%

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41
Q

Scl-90

A

Symptom checklist - likert scale - general psychiatric sx

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42
Q

Trend analysis

A

Determines the trend or shape that best describes the relationship between variables

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43
Q

The prevalence of mental illness in people over age 65 is-

A

Lower than for any other age group

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44
Q

Whitbourne’s self-concept model

A

Identity assimilation (maintaining self-consistency), identity accommodation (making changes to the self), identity balance (maintaining a sense of self but changing when necessary).

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45
Q

Terror management theory

A

Solomon et al - terror of the inevitability of death - this is managed by self-esteem and a cultural worldview.

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46
Q

Paradoxical intention

A

Based on the assumption that a person avoids a certain behavior because of anticipatory anxiety; engaging in a behavior is incompatible with fear of that behavior.

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47
Q

Hopelessness theory of depression

A

Hopelessness is a proximal (factor closest to the symptoms of depression) and sufficient (not necessary) cause of depression.

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48
Q

Precentral gyrus / post central gyrus

A

Motor functioning

Parietal lobe - somatosensory cortex

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49
Q

Kohlberg’s stages of moral development

A

Preconventional

  • obedience and punishment - how can I avoid punishment?
  • self-interest orientation - what’s in it for me?

Conventional

  • interpersonal accord - good/bad girl
  • law and order

Post- conventional

  • social contract orientation
  • universal ethical principles
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50
Q

Effects of sexual abuse more severe when the perpetrator is a stranger or family member?

A

Family member

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51
Q

Anosognosia - definition - caused by

A

Inability to recognize ones own functional impairment

Damage to right parietal lobe

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52
Q

Mimesis

A

Adopting a family’s communication and affective style

53
Q

Anticholinergic effects

A

Dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, urinary retention, tachycardia - caused by tricyclics / heterocyclics

54
Q

Which is more effective, biofeedback or relaxation training?

A

Both are equally effective

55
Q

Effect of heterogeneity on creativity and decision-making effectiveness

A

Positive relationship with both

56
Q

Meyer’s minority stress model

A 
Proximal factors (expectations of rejection, concealment of sexual orientation, internalized homophobia)
Distal factors (minority group status, violence, discrimination)
57
Q

Working backwards heuristic

A

Uses end point to find connections to the starting point

58
Q

Means-end analysis

A

Divides problem into sub-problems and solution of these leads to solution to entire problem

59
Q

Availability heuristic

A

Uses most recent information that can be brought to mind

60
Q

Representativeness heuristic

A

Makes judgements on only the obvious characteristics of a problem

61
Q

Sections of the ethics code

A

Introduction - discusses scope of the application of ethics code
Preamble / general principles - aspirational goals
Ethical standards - enforceable rules

62
Q

In organizations, positive feedback

A

Promotes change - encourages disruption in status quo- provides info to help plan for corrective actions

63
Q

Non compensatory techniques in assessment

A

Multiple hurdle

Multiple cutoff

64
Q

Compensatory technique in assessment

A

Multiple regression

65
Q

WISC subtests least susceptible to brain damage

A

Vocabulary
Information
Picture completion

66
Q

Techniques for detecting differential item functioning

A

SIBTEST (simultaneous item bias test)
Mantel-Haenszel
Lord’s chi square

67
Q

Tarasoff

A

“The protective privilege ends when public peril begins”

68
Q

The relationship between self-efficacy beliefs and achievement outcomes is moderated by

A

Task complexity

Locus of performance

69
Q

Cannon-bard theory of emotion

A

Physiological and emotional arousal experienced at the same time

70
Q

James-Lang theory of emotion

A

Physiological arousal first, then interpretation/reasoning, then emotion

71
Q

Schachter-Singer theory of emotion

A

Physiological arousal first, then interpretation/reasoning, then emotion

72
Q

Lazarus theory of emotion

A

Thought precedes emotion or physiological arousal

73
Q

Item analysis

A

Determines which items will be retained for final version of test

74
Q

Item characteristic curve

A

Used to depict item discrimination - which items differentiate among examinees?

75
Q

Diencephalon

A

Thalamus and hypothalamus, located between two hemispheres of the brain - connections and relays for sensory, motor, and limbic pathways associated with memory

76
Q

Striatum

A

Controls various muscle activities

77
Q

Peripheral cortex

A

Amydala and neocortex - memory

78
Q

Piagets processes of accommodation and assimilation is motivated by need for

A

Equilibrium

79
Q

Most effective intervention for cigarette smoking

A

Nicotine replacement
Skills training
Social support

80
Q

Retroactive interference

Proactive interference

A

Recent (material learned after material to be remembered) interferes with recall

Information learned PREVIOUSLY interferes with the learning of new material

81
Q

Procedural justice

A

Best predictor of work performance and counter productive work behavior

82
Q

Organizational citizenship behaviors related to

A

All justice forms (procedural, distributive, interactional)

83
Q

The median delay for getting treatment across all mental disorders is

A

A decade

84
Q

Complex partial seizure disorder originates in the

A

Temporal lobe

85
Q

Petit mal (absence seizures) originates

A

Originates in the thalamus

86
Q

A four day work week is correlated with

A

Absenteeism and satisfaction

87
Q

Computer adaptive testing

A

Uses previous test scores to tailor the test to taker ability. Produces equally accurate results across all levels of ability.

88
Q

Parkinson’s is related to insufficient amounts of

A

Dopamine

89
Q

Parkinson’s is related to an excessive amount of

A

Acetylcholine

90
Q

Hygiene factors

A

Result in job dissatisfaction when absent but do not lead to satisfaction when present. Extrinsic to the work itself

91
Q

Motivators

A

Result in job satisfaction when present, but do not lead to dissatisfaction when absent. Have to do with the job itself (intrinsic).

92
Q

Ecological model

A

Bronfenbrenner - Microsystems, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem

93
Q

Alogia

A

Speechlessness

94
Q

Flooding is based on the principle of

A

Classical extinction - “impairing” the conditioned and unconditioned stimuli.

95
Q

Extraneous variables correlate with — variables

A

Dependent

96
Q

If you increase power,
Type 1 error —-
Type 2 error —

A

Increases

Decreases

97
Q

Central limit theory assumes

A

Infinite number of samples

98
Q

Path analysis does

And requires

A

Tests veracity of pre-defined causal theory of model

One way causal flow

99
Q

Test retest reliability reflects

A

True score variability

100
Q

Percentile ranks, when graphed, show–

A

A flat, rectangular pattern of evenly distributed scores

101
Q

Bonferroni test

A

Reduces level of alpha for each comparison so risk of type I error is reduced

102
Q

Stanley and Campbell threats to external validity

A 
Sample bias
Effects of testing
Experimental environment (too different from real world)
Multiple treatment
Interaction effects
103
Q

Static groups comparison

A

2 intact groups compared - one receives tx and other does not, post-test scores compared

104
Q

Most important components of group process for:
High functioning
Low functioning

A

Interpersonal learning and universality

Instillation of hope

105
Q

Tricyclics best for

A

Vegetative sx

106
Q

MAOI best for

A

Atypical sx

107
Q

Triangulation of data

A

Increase reliability by decreasing error using multiple methods of measurement

108
Q

Meichenbaum

A

Self instruction for ADHD

109
Q

Gurstmanns syndrome

A

Disgraphia
Discalculia
Finger agnosia
Right left confusion

Parietal lobe lesion

110
Q

Situations that legally permit a waiver of privelege

A

Vary from state to state

111
Q

Galveston orientation and amnesia test GOAT

A

Most common scale measuring orientation

112
Q

Best tx for PTSD

A

Prolonged exposure

113
Q

What does test-retest reliability reflect?

A

TRUE score variability

114
Q

What is the formula for the relationship between validity and reliability

A

Validity is equal to or less than the square root of the reliability coefficient

115
Q

Sensitivity of a test

A

Proportion of people with a condition who are correctly identified as having the disorder - few false negatives, more false positives

116
Q

Specificity of a test

A

Ability of a test to identify who does NOT have a condition - increased false negatives, decreased false positives

117
Q

MMPI mnemonic

A

How did hysterical psychopaths make pink panther see his shadow

118
Q

Tolman

A

Latent learning

119
Q

Kohler

A

Insight learning

120
Q

Bruner

A

Inquiry learning

121
Q

Bandura

A

Observational learning

122
Q 
Modeling:
Covert
Symbolic
Participant
Vicarious
A

Imagining someone else engaging in behavior
Observing models indirectly - video, book
Model engages in beh and prompts individual to engage in beh - most effective
Observing others directly

123
Q

Covert sensitization

A

Counterconditioning

124
Q

Keyword method

A

Forming an image that links two words

125
Q

Emg biofeedback effective for:

Bio thermal for:

A 
Tension headaches (but relaxation training is equally effective)
Migraine (but blood volume pulse biofeedback is more effective)
126
Q

According to Wolpe, depression is the result of

A

Classical conditioning

127
Q

The gradual decline in the intensity, frequency, or duration to the presentation of the same punishment or other stimulus i

A

Habituation

128
Q

SUDS

A

Subjective units of distres

129
Q

Rehm’s self control theory

A

Depression is related to six deficits in self-control behavior-
Selective monitoring of negative events
Selective monitoring of immediate (vs delayed) consequences of behavior
Stringent self-evaluation criteria
Inaccurate attributions of responsibility
Insufficient self reward
Excessive self punishment

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