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Pro Diagnostic EPPP > Attempt 1 > Flashcards

Attempt 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Heteroscedasticity on a scatter gram suggests that-

A

The variability (range) of scores on the criterion ranges for different scores on the predictor.

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2
Q

What is the catecholamine hypothesis?

A

Depression is associated with decreases in catecholamines, particularly norepinephrine

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3
Q

What is an atonic seizure?

A

Sudden loss of muscle tone / individual may fall / usually remains coNscious

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4
Q

What is an absence/petit mal seizure?

A

Loss of consciousness / no prominent motor symptoms

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5
Q

What is a clonic seizure?

A

Jerky movements

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6
Q

What is a simple partial seizure?

A

Begins on one side of the brain / initially affects only one side of the body / changes in movement and sensation / no loss of consciousness

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7
Q

A transformational leader uses “framing” to:

A

Communicate the organizational goals in a way that is more meaningful to employees

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8
Q

What are the characteristic of pseudodementia?

A

“Depression masquerading as dementia” - Symptom onset is sudden / uncommon to have increased severity of sx in the evening / pt is likely to exaggerate his/her cognitive sx/ lack of cooperation during testing

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9
Q

When a psychologist plans to use a collection agency -

A

Should inform person that such measures will be taken and provide that person an opportunity to make prompt payment

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10
Q

Uninvited in-person solicitations for therapy clients are:

A

Unethical when individuals are susceptible to exploitation / undue infleunce

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11
Q

Needs assessment

A

Identify training needs

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12
Q

Organizational analysis

A

Often part of needs assessment - identify organization goals

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13
Q

Job analysis

A

Identify essential characteristics of a job

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14
Q

Job evaluation

A

Used to set wages and salaries

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15
Q

Arbitrary inference

A

Beck - drawing a conclusion in absence of supporting evidence

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16
Q

Force field theory

A

Lewis / setting the stage, problem solving, reaching agreement

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17
Q

Peabody picture vocab test originally used for…

A

Ppl with orthopedic injuries

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18
Q

Haptic Intelligence Scale

A

Visual impairment

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19
Q

Hiskey-Nebraska Test of Learning Aptitude

A

Hearing impairment

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20
Q

Deliberate and regular use of rehearsal/elaboration/organization as memory strategies begins at

A

9-10 yrs

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21
Q

Babies first words typically at

A

12 months

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22
Q

Second stage of preconventional moral development?

A

Instrumental hedonism

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23
Q

Reliability coefficient is

A

Interpreted directly as measure of true score variability (not squared!)

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24
Q

Marlatt

A

“Abstinence violation effect” - recovery related to attributions about cause of relapse- successful recovery more likely when attributions to external, unstable, and specific factors

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25
Q

A predictors validity coefficient can be no greater than -

A

The square root of its reliability coefficient

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26
Q

Super ordinate goals

A

Reduce intergroup hostility (sheriff / robber-cave)

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27
Q

Side effects of lithium?

A

Nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, abdom pain

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28
Q

Relationship between job satisfaction and mental/physical health?

A

Positive correlation with both

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29
Q

MRI vs CT?

A

MRI = clearer images

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30
Q

If an eval of a child is court-ordered…

A

Do not need parental consent

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31
Q

Smith glass and miller study?

A

Meta analysis of effectiveness of psychotherapy

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32
Q

Meta analysis involves

A

Determining the average magnitude of outcomes across a large number of outcome studies

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33
Q

Higher order conditioning

A

Uses a CS as a US to establish a CR for a second CS

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34
Q

Effect size in meta analysis?

A

Standardized mean difference btw experimental and control group

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35
Q

Which personality disorder becomes less evident as the person grows older?

A

Anti social personality

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36
Q

Therapist congruence

A

Genuine, authentic, non defensive

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37
Q

Ethics code revision in 2010 (1.02 / 1.03)

A

Protect human rights

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38
Q

Tetrachoric coefficient?

A

Two artificially dichotomized continuous variables

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39
Q

ADHD - lower than normal metabolic levels in the

A

Prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia

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40
Q

Relationship between parenting style and academic achievement

A

Modified by family ethnicity/culture

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41
Q

Utility analysis

A

Relies on accounting procedures to evaluate costs and benefits of training programs, selection procedures, personnel interventions. Used interchangeably with return on investment.

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42
Q

Oblique rotation

A

Used in factor analysis when variables are thought to be correlated

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43
Q

Orthogonal rotation

A

Used in factor analysis when variables are thought to be uncorrelated

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44
Q

Effects from one or more variables removed from x only

A

Part correlation

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45
Q

Effects from one or more variables removed from x and y

A

Partial correlation

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46
Q

Effects of cbt on rheumatoid arthritis?

A

Beneficial effects on psychological functioning, some studies show reduction in physical sx (inflammation and pain)

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47
Q

Needs assessment in organizations

A

Determines training needs - Jon, person, and organizational analysis

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48
Q

Criterion referenced scores

A

How many items were answered correctly

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49
Q

Ipsative test scores

A

Relative strengths of different characteristics measured by test

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50
Q

Kluver-bucy syndrome

A

Ablation of anterior temporal lobes: hyper sexuality, placidity, oral tendencies, psychic blindness

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51
Q

Sherif’s social judgement theory

A

“Categories of judgement”- latitudes of acceptance, non-commitment, rejection - person most likely to be convinced when the message is in his/her latitude of acceptance

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52
Q

Kruskal-wallis

A

Non-parametric alternative to anova

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53
Q

Mild head injury?

A

Post traumatic amnesia that persists for one hour / sx usually remit in 3-6 months

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54
Q

Implosive therapy

A

Exposing individuals to anxiety-arousing stimulus in imagination for an extended period of time

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55
Q

Over correction

A

Having individual engage in behaviors as a penalty for having performed the target behavior

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56
Q

Response cost

A

Removing a stimulus (eg privilege) - negative punishment

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57
Q

Covert sensitization

A

Individual imagines an unpleasant consequence while imagining that he she is engaging in the behavior - counterconditioning

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58
Q

Reminiscence bump

A

Greater memory for events that occurred during adolescence and early adulthood

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59
Q

Who holds the privilege ?

A

The client - right to have records withheld in legal proceedings

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60
Q

Which big five trait is the best predictor of job performance?

A

Conscientiousness

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61
Q

When compared to Alzheimer’s, vascular dementia

A

Has an erratic course rather than progressive

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62
Q

Which aspect of memory shows greatest age-related decline?

A

Recent long-term memory

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63
Q

Herbert Simon

A

Artificial intelligence

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64
Q

Symptoms of nicotine withdrawal include

A

Depressed mood, decreased heart rate, increased appetite, insomnia

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65
Q

Right hemisphere emotions

A

Negative

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66
Q

Left hemisphere emotions

A

Positive

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67
Q

Vroom-yetton-jago model

A

Five leadership styles

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68
Q

Smith, Glass, Miller meta analysis

A

Few differences between therapeutic approaches found

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69
Q

Eysenck

A

Challenged the effectiveness of traditional interventions - 72% who did not receive to improved, vs 66% eclectic and 44% psychoanalytic

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70
Q

Criterion related validity coefficient cannot exceed

A

The square root of its reliability coefficient

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71
Q

Steinbergs triarchic theory

A

Analytical, creative, practical

72
Q

Acrostic memory device

A

Uses first letter of each word to make a phrase or rhyme

73
Q

Job satisfaction is correlated with…

A

Physical and psychological health, longevity

74
Q

Collaborative empiricism

A

Beck - client therapist work together to gather evidence and test hypotheses about clients beliefs

75
Q

Administrative model of decision making

A

Satisficing decisions

76
Q

Rational-economic model

A

Optimal decisions

77
Q

Complex partial seizure

A

Begins on one side of brain, may spread to other, some loss of consciousness

78
Q

Reactive attachment of early childhood - inhibited type, includes
And dis inhibited type includes

A

Hyper vigilance

Indiscriminant attachments

79
Q

What does a meta analysis do?

A

Determine the average magnitude of the outcome of psychotherapy across a large number of outcome studies. Outcomes are converted to an effect size and then averaged.

80
Q

An effect size is defined as

A

A standardized mean difference between experiment and control groups

81
Q

High scores on the mmpi clinical subscales and a very high f score indicates

A

Random responding or alternating responses

82
Q

If respondent answers true to all items on mmpi

A

Equal number of clinical scales will have low and high scores

83
Q

Malingering would result in

A

A sawtooth pattern with high and low scores on alternating scales

84
Q

Components of needs assessment

A

Job, person, and organizational analysis

85
Q

What is an example of aversive counter conditioning?

A

Covert sensitization

86
Q

In terms of incremental validity, what situation justifies the use of a new predictor?

A

Moderate base rate (.5) with many applicants and few openings

87
Q

What is base rate?

A

The success rate of the people hired on the job - how many hires are successful?

88
Q

Atkinson Morton Sue model

A 
Color does really impact identity - cdrii
Conformity
Dissonance
Resistance/immersion
Introspection
Integrative awareness
89
Q

Cross model

A 
Black racial identity 
Peii
Pre encounter
Encounter
Immersion 
Internalization
90
Q

Helms model

A 
Helms model
Cdrpia
Conformity
Disintegration
Reintegration
Pseudo independence
Immersion
Autonomy
91
Q

Spearman-brown prophecy

A

What would reliability be if test lengthened or shortened?

92
Q

Severity error

A

Strictness bias

93
Q

Inductive reasoning

A

From fact to general rule

94
Q

Deductive reasoning

A

From general rule to fact

95
Q

Sue & Sue “invisible veil”

A

World views

96
Q

Adjustment to mothers remarriage

A

Hardest on girls during late childhood early adolescence, harder on boys during late adolescence

97
Q

Is there a relationship btw examiner / examinee race and examinee performance on WISC?

A

No

98
Q

What theory underlies bowen’s?

A

Psychodynamic

99
Q

What is code switching related to?

A

Bilingualism

100
Q

What drug is most commonly used to treat premature ejaculation?

A

SSRI (not Wellbutrin)

101
Q

What is seroconversion?

A

Development of antibodies to antigens

102
Q

What are the major predictors of adolescent suicide?

A

Drug and alcohol use
Depression
Antisocial behaviors

103
Q

What is functional enuresis?

A

Not related to any sleep stage

Not related to medical condition

104
Q

What does congruence between Hollands type and job predict?

A

Job satisfaction
Productivity
Stability

105
Q

Paresis

A

Partial paralysis

Spinal cord not severed

106
Q

What paraplegia.

A

Lower extremities impacted

107
Q

What is quadriplegia?

A

All limbs impacted

108
Q

What is hemiplegia?

A

One side of body impacted

109
Q

What is a clonic seizure?

A

Rhythmic, violent movements, loss of consciousness

110
Q

Movita therapy

A

Feelings acknowledged as uncontrollable
Focus on taking constructive action
External environment is focus

111
Q

Naikan therapy

A

Psychology of reflection

112
Q

Troidens model of homosexual identity

A

Sensitization
Identity confusion
Identity assumption
Commitment

113
Q

Stages of Alzheimer’s

A

1 - short term memory loss
2- retro/anterograde amnesia, restlessness, mood sx
3 - serious impairment

114
Q

Acetylcholine

A

Transmission from peripheral nerves to muscles

115
Q

GABA

A

Inhibitory - limbic system - huntingtons

116
Q

Paradoxical directive

A

Patient is told to engage in symptomatic behavior

117
Q

Haldol treats the —- sx of schizo

A

Positive

118
Q

Agonist

A

Facilitates neurotransmitters

119
Q

Antagonist

A

Blocks or inhibits neurotransmitters

120
Q

Cholinergic

A

Synaptic transmission mediated by acetylcholine

121
Q

Dopaminergic

A

Synaptic transmission facilitated by dopamine

122
Q

Stroop test used to diagnose

A

Attentional problems

123
Q

Social role theorists

A

People in lower roles more effective in evaluating ppl in higher roles

124
Q

What kind of memory is impaired in dementia?

A

Recall and recognition

125
Q

What kind of memory is typically impaired in pseudodementia and depression?

A

Recall

126
Q

Backward conditioning

A

Ineffective

127
Q

Whose academic perf is most improved by authoritative parenting?

A

Whites

128
Q

Which racial group is least likely to have authoritative parents?

A

Asians

129
Q

What are Kohlberg’s stages of gender development and ages at which they develop?

A

Identity (3)
Stability (4)
Constancy (5-6)

130
Q

What area of the brain is most impacted in Parkinson’s ?

A

Substantia nigra

131
Q

What is arbitrary inference?

A

Drawing conclusion based on insufficient / contradictory information

132
Q

According to equity theory, what is the relationship btw pay and motivation?

A

Complex and mediated by other factors

133
Q

What are the three qualities of hypnosis

A

Absorption, dissociation, suggestibility

134
Q

What are the relationships between expressed emotion in the family and relapse of mood disorders, eating disorders, and schizophrenia?

A 
ED = .51
Mood = .39
Schizo = .31
135
Q

Krumboltz theory of career development based on

A

Social learning

136
Q 
Hersey -
L ability h responsibility
H ability l responsibility
L ability l responsibility
H ability h responsibility
A

Selling
Participatory
Telling
Delegating

137
Q

Proactive info

A

Prior info learned interferes

138
Q

Retroactive interference

A

Recent info interferes with remembering

139
Q

Gender difference in prevalence of major depression

A

Twice as prevalent in girls and women than boys and men; equal male and female during childhood

140
Q

What is typically the best predictor of a disorder?

A

Family history

141
Q

Nonsexist therapy vs feminist therapy?

A

Less focused on sociopolitical context - more focused on personal change

142
Q

Principle strategies of motivational interviewing

A

Open ended questions, affirmations, reflective listening, summary statements

143
Q

How do you calculate effect size?

A

Divide the difference between the means of the experimental and control groups by the standard deviation of the control group

144
Q

Kappa

A

Inter rater reliability

145
Q

What is agranulocytosis ? What are its sx? What is it a side effect of?

A

Failure of bone marrow to produce a certain kind of white blood cells, increasing susceptibility to infection

Fever sore throat chills mouth ulcers lethargy weakness

Clozapine, carbamazepine - atypical antipsychotics

146
Q

What are some side effects of lithium?

A

Nausea fever diarrhea vomiting metallic taste in mouth hand tremor increased thirst impaired memory/concentration

147
Q

What are the three components of “hardiness”?

A

Commitment
Control
Challenge

148
Q

Experimental neurosis

A

Pavlov - conditioning - when presented with difficult discriminations btw stimuli

149
Q

Relationship btw divorce and suicide?

A

More recent the divorce, the more likely is suicide

150
Q

What is a phoneme?

A

The smallest unit of sound

151
Q

What is a morpheme?

A

The smallest unit of sound that conveys meaning

152
Q

Ideomotor apraxia

A

Left parietal apraxia

Cannot pretend to perform actions but can do them using the actual objects

153
Q

According to Sue and Zane, what two factors enhance therapy outcomes with minority groups?

A

Credibility and giving (including normalizing and instilling hope)

154
Q

Optimal difficulty level for test items to maximize reliability?

A

.50

155
Q

Classic migraines vs common migraines

A

Classic - Begin with an aura
Common - Does not begin with an aura and may be exacerbated by bending or lifting

Both involve throbbing pain

156
Q

Panic disorder diagnosis required

A

2 or more unexpected panic attacks

At least one followed by at least one month of worrying about having another attack

157
Q

What does a forced-choice technique address?

A

Leniency bias

158
Q

Diagnostic timing for adjustment disorder?

A

Symptoms develop within three months of the onset of the stressor
Do not persist for more than six months after the stressor has ended

159
Q

What is the dismantling strategy in research design?

A

Used to determine the effect of each component of a multi-component treatment and involved administering different components to different groups

160
Q

What is a counterbalanced research design?

A

With-subjects designs that control order or practice effects by administering the levels of IV to different groups of subjects in different orders

161
Q

What is the Solomon four group design

A

Used to evaluate the impact of pretesting on ext and int validity

162
Q

Multi component memory model

A 
Working memory includes:
Central executive (attentional control system)
Three subsystems (phonological loop, Visio-spatial sketch pad, episodic buffer)
163
Q

IQ concordance

A

Identical twins reared together = .85
Identical twins reared apart = .67
Bio siblings reared together = .45
Unrelated individuals reared together = .06

164
Q

Survival analysis

A

Used to measure the amount of time that passes before a particular event occurs

165
Q

Trend analysis

A

Identifies patterns or trends such as linear or nonlinear relationships

166
Q

Time series analysis

A

Collect data over time - eg, measuring dependent variable multiple times after applying independent variable

167
Q

Correlation coefficient for rank order

A

Spearman rho

168
Q

Contingency coefficient

A

Used when both variables are measured on a nominal scale

169
Q

Biserial coefficient

A

One continuous, one artificial dichotomy

170
Q

Phi coefficient

A

Both variables are true dichotomies

171
Q

Symptoms of alcohol withdrawal

A

Hand tremor, insomnia, hallucinations, grand mal seizures

172
Q

Symptoms of amphetamine withdrawal

A

Dysphoric mood, vivid dreams, insomnia, increased appetite

173
Q

Symptoms of opioid withdrawal

A

Dysphoric mood, restlessness, insomnia, fever

174
Q

When is the primacy effect most powerful?

A

Speeches given back to back and there is a delay

175
Q

What is there difference between a beta weight and a beta coefficient .

A

Beta coefficient is standardized

176
Q

At what age do infants recognize their own reflection in the mirror?

A

21 months

177
Q

At what age do children recognize race as a physical, social, and biological category?

A

10 yrs

Pro Diagnostic EPPP (2 decks)

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