Tutorials Flashcards
Tutorials in this deck
- Tutorial 3: Test fairness & test bias (Reading (Anastasi & Urbina, 1997)
- Tutorial 4: IQ Testing – WAIS-IV
- Tutorial 5: Current Issues in IQ Testing (Reading (Nisbett et al., 2012)
- Tutorial 6: Personality Tests – 16PF
IQ is broken into two groups
o Crystallised: learned things, what you learn from your environment e.g. teachers
o Fluid: problem-solving ability
One cannot devise a test that is FREE from cultural influences
true. one cannot. But labels changed from cultural-free tests to ‘culture-common’ and ‘culture-fair’ and ‘cross-culture’.
However, still it is unlikely that all tests are going to be equally fair. Especially if we are catering each one to the needs of group e.g. one is nonverbal, one is performance etc. every test tends to favour the culture in which it was made for.
What is a cultural handicap and when might it arise?
when person moves out of their culture and into another, with the expectation of competing with ppl in a novel culture.
What is cultural deprivation?
a state of reduced cognitive modifiability, produced by a lack of mediated learning experience (parents passing information and learning skills down to next generation). Child without this lack the prerequisites for high level cognitive functioning. Whereas kids who have had it are able to ‘modify’ their behaviour and adapt to new cultures easier.
What is stereotype vulnerability?
The belief you will do poorly in a test because of internalised self stereotypes about culture e.g. reduced effort, low expectation of success,
In tute 3 we went from a current affair sport test to the standard progressive matrices test. What were the differences btn these?
Current affair test: Not fair test, specialised in area of sport, cultural focus on Australia. We should vary the interest, broadening current affairs more than sport. It assumes reading ability, assumes you are familiar with multiple choice tests. We can remove the burden on language. Remove language content.
Standard progressive matrices test: culturally fair, lengthy administration procedure, familiarity with numbers. Instead can get participant to point to answer. Can have interpreters.
What was the queensland test?
Subtest of an iq test. Tactile blocks. Made in 1970s. designed for when communication is reduced. Also used in deaf community. Idea is to test problem solving ability.
potential problems with queensland test?
Would need some level of hand eye coordination to move blocks and tap right one, also visually impaired. At what point does it stop testing iq/problem solving and start testing recall ability. We may be reducing the construct validity. E.g. we may be measuring another aspect of intelligence rather than actual problem solving ability. Construct validity→testing what you set out to test.
what is test bias?
term used to say a test favours one group over another.
What are the two types of test bias?
1) intercept bias→test fairness/unfairness or
2) slope bias
What is Predictive validity?
When a test is used to predict a certain outcome (most commonly used in personnel selection e.g. interviews).
What is slope bias?
when slope of regression line for one group is significantly different from another group. The slope of the reg line (denoted by b in the equation, equals the correlation btn test scores x and the criterion scores y.
Another word for slope bias?
Differential validity
If there are different slope correlations btn test and criterion for 2 groups the test is equally valid for use in the 2 groups. True or false?
False!
