Tutorials 2 Flashcards
name 4 dental anomalies that are more common in patients who have experienced cleft lip or palate
hypodontia (affects 40% cleft kids)
supernumeraries (tends to be distal to cleft area)
shape and size anomalies (micro or macro dontia)
developmental defects of enamel (hypomineralisation or hypoplasia)
give 3 reasons why cleft lip and palate patients may see more caries
increased mouth breathing
bottle feeding more than breast feeding
difficult OH if crowding or supernumeraries
reduced saliva flow
name 4 members of a cleft MDT
paediatric dentist
cleft surgeon
anaesthetist
paediatrician
orthodontist
psychologist
ENT specialist
speech and language therapist
at what age do cleft patients undergo surgical treatment
lip repair 3-6 months
palate repair 6-12 months
bonegrafting 8-10 years if required
done under GA
why should aspirin not be given to under 16s
rare risk of reyes syndrome
serious liver and brain damage
what type of haemophilia doesnt respond to DDAVP (desmopressin)
haemophilia B
minimum coagulation factor level required for an invasive procedure
50%
why might bleeding increase in a nervous haemophiliac patient
increased blood pressure due to anxiety
what is autism spectrum disorder
lifelong neurodevelopmental disorder characterise by its impact on social communication and interaction
what are 3 main difficulties experienced by people with ASD
difficulty with communication and language
difficulties forming relationships with other people
resistance to small changes in familiar surroundings
why can dentistry prove challenging for patients with ASD
sensory overload - new environment, new people, disrupted routine, missed school
auditory - suction, hand pieces, waiting room
visual - bright lights, surgery clutter
tactile - cold, drying teeth, ultrasonic, invasion of personal space
olfactory - ZOE has strong smell
who is part of a MDT for ASD children , name 3
paediatrician, dietician, psychiatrist, social worker, speech and language therapist
name 3 potential dental features of ASD
NCTSL - erosion, attrition , general chipping
Trauma/ self injurious behaviours
xerostomia - drug induced
why are ASD patients more prone to NCTSL
parafunctional habits
Children with ASD often have very restrictive diets - erosion
what may be done prior to an appointment with an ASD child to aid relaxation?
‘hello’ appointment
minimal wait time (first in am or straight after lunch)
bring own toothbrush/ sunglasses
comforters - ear defenders, weighted blanket
what may be doen during an appointment with an ASD child to help them feel at ease
turnng of radio
keep surfaces free of clutter
plastic mirror rather than metal
tell/ show/ do
be aware speech will be taken literally (light is the sun)
many dont like direct eye contact
how may pain present in an ASD child
disturbed sleep, unexplained emotional outbursts, changes to eating, self injurious behaviours
what is stimming
self stimulatory behaviour seen in ASD patients
repetitive or unusual movements that help ASD children cope with emotions and overwhelming situations
These habits can damage gums and cause ulcers due to friction
what are the 2 groups childhood cancer is commonly split into
haematological - those that affect the blood, bone marrow and lymoh nodes
Solid tumours - occupy space in the body
what are the most common cancers in children
leukaemia
brain and spinal tumours
what is the most common type of leukaemia seen in children
acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
most common leukaemia in children
peak incidence between 1 and 4 years old
overproduction of lymphoid blast cells which are immature and unable to grow into normal lymphocytes
can be further subdivided into T or B cell ALL depending on what cell primarily made up of
Extra lymphoblasts grow and divide rapidly and build up in blood and bone marrow before eventually spreading to other parts of the body e.g spleen , liver, lymph nodes
