Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

GI > Tutorial - Hernias > Flashcards

Tutorial - Hernias Flashcards

1
Q

Define hernia

A

A weakness in the abdominal wall where an internal organ/fatty tissue protrudes through

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Below what line do you lose the posterior rectus sheath? What is the significance of losing the sheath?

A

Arcuate line Weakness below this line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the arcuate line?

A

A horizontal line between the umbilicus and pubic symphysis that demonstrates the end of the posterior rectus sheath

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the common types of hernias?

A

Inguinal Femoral Para-umbilical Umbilical Epigastric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What kind of incision is shown?

A

Rooftop incision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What kind of incision is shown?

A

Midline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is incision 1 known as?

A

Kocher incision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What kind of incision is commonly used for upper GI surgeries?

A

Rooftop incisions, e.g. gastrectomy, oesophagectomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What kind of incision is used for an open colectomy?

A

Kocher

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What type of hernias are there?

A

Primary

Incisional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is an incisional hernia?

A

A hernia that occurs through a previously made incision in the abdominal wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are RFs for primary hernias?

A

Increased abdominal pressure

Obesity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are RFs for incisional hernias?

A

Poor wound healing (e.g. DM, smoking, wound infection, steroids)

Technical problems, e.g. wrong sutures used

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are symptoms of hernias?

A

Swelling + pain most common

Obstruction (if small bowel in hernia)

Reducible

Can become incarcerated/strangulated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When are hernia swellings more noticible?

A

When you are standing up, better when lying

On coughing/increased intra-abdominal pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What signs might you see in an incarcerated hernia?

A

Tachycardia due to pain

17
Q

What signs might you see in a strangulated hernia?

A

Pyrexia, tachycardia, skin changes e.g. cellulitis

18
Q

How do you investigate a hernia?

A

Clinical diagnosis

For more complex hernias may do CT to see contents of hernia

19
Q

How are hernias managed?

A

Surgical repair

20
Q

What does surgical repair of a hernia involve?

A

Suturing defect back together

Inserting mesh to prevent recurrence

21
Q

What are the risks of inserting mesh into a patient during hernia repair?

A

Infection (if bowel strangulated do not insert mesh as necrotic bowel puts risk of infection v. high)

Mesh rejection
Adhesions

22
Q

What are risks of hernia repair operations?

A

Adhesions

Infections

Seroma

23
Q

What are seromas?

A

A pocket of serous fluid that sometimes develops after surgery

24
Q

How are seromas avoided?

A

Drains inserted

25
Q

How can seromas be managed?

A

Conservatively - body resorbs fluid itself

Aspiration

26
Q

What are differentials for groin abscesses?

A

Abscess (?IVDA)

Lympadenopathy, e.g. reactive

Testicular tumour

Hydrocele

27
Q

Does inguinal hernia repair tend to be done open or laparoscopically?

A

Open

28
Q

Where is the superficial inguinal nerve situated?

A

Between the pubic symphysis and pubic tubercle

29
Q

Through what structure do the testes descend?

A

Inguinal canal

30
Q

Where is the deep inguinal ring situated?

A

Halfway between ASIS and pubic tubercle

31
Q

Where do inguinal hernias tend to be located?

A

Superior and medial to the pubic tubercle

32
Q

Where do femoral hernias tend to be situated?

A

Lateral and inferior to the pubic tubercle

33
Q

Who are femoral hernias more common in?

A

Elderly females

34
Q

Describe inguinal hernia surgery

A

Incision in groin

Tie of superior epigastric vessels

Divide external oblique to enter canal

Reduce/excise contents of hernia

Excise hernia sac

Insert mesh

Close EO

35
Q

What aponeurosis forms the anterior wall of the inguinal canal?

A

External oblique

36
Q
A

GI (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions