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GI > Fever - Tutorial > Flashcards

Fever - Tutorial Flashcards

1
Q

What is normal body temp?

A

Just above 37C

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2
Q

What temperature indicates a fever?

A

> 37.5C

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3
Q

Abrupt rise in fever may lead to what?

A

Rigors

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4
Q

What is rigors?

A

Uncontrollable shaking of the body

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5
Q

Where is body heat regulated?

A

Temperature sensitive cells in the hypothalamus

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6
Q

Why is a fever during infection actually probably beneficial?

A

Immune system more effective

Organisms less well adapted to high temperature

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7
Q

What are different fever patterns?

A 
Swinging fever
Sustained fever
Remittent fever
Tertian fever
Pel-Ebstein fever
Low grade fever
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8
Q

What may cause a swinging fever?

A

Abscesses

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9
Q

What may cause a sustained fever?

A

Pneumococcal pneumonia

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10
Q

What may cause a remittent fever?

A

Most infectious diseases

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11
Q

What is a remittent fever?

A

Fever varies through day but body temperature is not normal at any points

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12
Q

When do you see a tertian fever?

A

Malaria (noon every 2nd day)

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13
Q

What is the pattern of a Pel-Ebstein fever?

A

Fever of a few days followed by normal period

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14
Q

What is a Pel-Ebstein fever suggestive of?

A

Lymphoma

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15
Q

What is a low grade fever?

A

Accentuated normal diurnal changes

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16
Q

Where does a central line sit?

A

In SVC

17
Q

What are central lines used for?

A

Delivering blood products/TPN

18
Q

What organism is usually responsible for central line sepsis?

A

Staph aureus

19
Q

How is central line sepsis managed?

A

remove line
Culture blood and cannula
Antibiotic

20
Q

What are the 4 broad categories of aetiologies of pyrexia of unknown origin?

A

Infections
Inflammatory
Malignancy
Miscellaneous

21
Q

What are infectious causes of PUO?

A 
SBE
Chronic pyelonephritis
OM
Chronic sinusitis
Liver abscess
TB
Brucellosis
Q fever, HIV/Syphillis
22
Q

What are inflammatory causes of PUO?

A 
Rheumatic fever
IBD
Polyarteritis nodosa
Chronic sinusitis
SLE
RA
TA
Familial fevers
23
Q

What are malignant causes of PUO?

A

Lymphoma
Leukaemia
Polycythaemia rubra vera
Tumours - hypernephroma, ovarian, hepatoma, lung

24
Q

What are miscellaneous causes of PUO?

A

Recurrent pulmonary emboli

Atrial myxoma

25
Q

Do you always need to treat fever?

A

Not really unless:
Child <6y (risk febrile convulsions)
Cardiac patients
Hyperpyrexia

26
Q

How do you manage pyrexia?

A

Antipyretics (aspirin, paracetamol)
Ensure hydration
Cool body surfaces
Diagnose + treat cause

GI (8 decks)

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