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FoPC year 2 > Tutorial 1 > Flashcards

Tutorial 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Why may a patient whose GP has recently retired not have attended the practice?

A

Retirement - longstanding relationship, trust
Has been well
worrying symptoms that concerned her and is avoiding presenting due to the worry of a problem being found

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2
Q

What is person centred care?

A

Provision of healthcare placing the patient at the centre ensuring the healthcare system is designed to meet needs of patients defined by them

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3
Q

Who is the only person in a position to make a decision on what patient centred healthcare means?

A

the patient - as an individual, in terms of treatments and their condition and living of their life

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4
Q

When can treatment options, therapies and models of care be said to be patient centred?

A

based on principles and values that define patient centredness

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5
Q

What document are the principles and values of patient centred care brought together?

A

International alliance of patients organisations (IaPO) declaration on patient centre healthcare

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6
Q

5 principles of IaPO declaration

A 
respect 
access and support 
information 
choice and empowerment 
patient involvement in health policy
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7
Q

Why are long term conditions more prevalent?

A

acute illnesses short lived and amenable to cure
acute illness demise
LTC more prevalent

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8
Q

What type of people are LTC more prevalent in?

A

older and deprived

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9
Q

% of LTC of all GP appoinments?

A

50

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10
Q

% of LTC of all outpatient appointments

A

64

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11
Q

% of LTC of all inpatient bed days?

A

70

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12
Q

Why is concern as much to do with the causes and consequences of LTC?

A

degenerative chronic disorders are increasingly prominent and major sources of disability

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13
Q

Incidence

A

The number of new cases of a disease in a population in a specified period of time

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14
Q

Prevalence

A

The number of people in a population with a specific disease at a single point in time or in a defined time period

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15
Q

What does incidence tell us about?

A

trends in causation and aetiology

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16
Q

Why can incidence be helpful?

A

planning

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17
Q

Prevalance - what does it tell us?

A

amount of a disease in population and useful for assessing current work load

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18
Q

What is prevalence less useful for?

A

studying causes of diseases

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19
Q

LTC - long term complex interaction of what 3 factors?

A

genetic
environmental
both or neither

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20
Q

Vulnerability

A

An individuals capacity to resist disease, repair damage and restore physiological homeostasis

21
Q

Can certain organs vary in vulnerability?

A

yes - repair to a different extent

22
Q

3 natural histories of diseases

A

acute onset
gradual with slow/rapid deterioration
relapse and remission

23
Q

4 examples of “burden of treatment”

A

Changing behaviour or policing behaviour of others to adhere to lifestyle modifications
Monitoring and managing their symptoms at home
complex treatment regimens and polypharmacy
complex administrative systems and accessing, navigating and coping with unco-ordinated health and social care systems

24
Q

Biographical distribution

A

LTC –> loss of confidence in body

Leads to loss of confidence in social interaction or self identity

25
Q

Why are LTC not simply personal?

A

biographical distribution

re-negotiating existing relationships at work and home

26
Q

What does the patient or disabled person need to do to adjust to their LTC?

A

make sense of condition
redefine ideas
positive aspects of life are emphasised
negative impact lessened

27
Q

Coping with stigma

A

deciding to disclose condition and suffer further stigma

conceal condition or aspects of condition and pass for normal

28
Q

Impact of LTC on 4 groups of people and explanation

A

individual - negative or positive and can include denial, self pity and apathy
family - financial, emotional, physical
other family members ill as a result
community/society - isolation

29
Q

What can the success of a community be based on?

A

how it looks after infirm members

30
Q

Dictionary definition of disability

A

Lacking in 1 or more physical powers eg ability to walk

31
Q

3 publications which define disability

A

dictionary
WHO
legal

32
Q

Legal definition of disability

A

Disability discrimination act
more than 12 months
difficult to undertake normal activities

33
Q

WHO disability

A

ICIDH –> updated with ICF

34
Q

3 parts of WHO disability definition

A

body and structure impairment
activity limitation
participation restriction

35
Q

Body and structure impairment

A

Abnormality of structure, organ or system function (organ level)

36
Q

Activity limitation

A

changed functional performance and activity by the individual (personal level)

37
Q

Participation restriction

A

disadvantage experiences by individual as a result of impairment or disability
interaction at social and environmental level

38
Q

Medical model of disability

A

individual/personal cause eg accident whilst drunk
underlying pathology eg morbid obesity
individual level intervention
individual change/adjustment

39
Q

Social model of disability

A

societal cause eg low income
conditions relating to housing
social/political action needed
societal attitude changes

40
Q

Legislations

A

disability discrimination acts 1995 and 2010

equality act 2010

41
Q

3 ways doctors are not spectators

A

we assess disability
we co-ordinate MDT
we intervene - rehab

42
Q

10 things personal reaction to disability relies on

A 
nature of disability 
reaction of others around them 
personality 
mood and emotional reaction 
support network 
information base of individual 
coping strategies 
additional resources available to patient 
time to adapt 
role of individual
43
Q

The sick role

A

possible benefits of illness

eg social, family, psychological, financial, medications, responsibilities

44
Q

3 levels of disruption of disability and the family

A

personal
economical
social

45
Q

epidemiology of disability worldwide causes

A 
congenital 
injury 
communicable 
non-communicable 
obesity 
malnutrition 
mental illness 
drugs - iatrogenic
alcohol
46
Q

what fraction of those with a disability are in employment?

A

1/3

47
Q

Criteria for screening name?

A

Wilson junger

48
Q

Wilson junger criteria for screening

A 
condition latent or early stage
suitable test or exam 
accepted treatment 
facilities available 
cost

FoPC year 2 (4 decks)

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