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Central and Southern Italy Wine > Tuscany (Toscana) > Flashcards

Tuscany (Toscana) Flashcards

1
Q

fiasco

A

Historically, due to the inferior quality of Italian glass, Chianti was sold in squat, straw-covered bottles (fiascos) that came to epitomize the rustic, cheap nature of Italian wine in the late 1960’s, 70’s, and 80’s

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3
Q

Year legislation first delimited the Chianti zone

A

1716

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4
Q

Tuscany

Number of hl produced annually

A

3 million hl

  • Forefront of quality and large-scale comm winemaking in Italy
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5
Q

Tuscany

% of wine at DOC/DOCG level

A

45%

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6
Q

Tuscany

Climate

A

dry, maritime-influenced

  • Can be harsh winters, long hot summers
  • Wide variation in mesoclimates
    • Montalcino - S province Siena, more arid
    • Montepulciano - further inland, more seasonal, continental
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7
Q

Italy’s most planted red varietal

A

Sangiovese

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8
Q

Sangiovese clone of Montepulciano

A

Prugnolo Gentile

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9
Q

Italy’s most planted white grape

A

Trebbiano Toscano

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10
Q

Tuscany

Regions for Vernaccia

A

San Gimignano

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11
Q

Tuscany

% of vineyards devoted to red wines

A

70%

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12
Q

Year Chianti was elevated to DOCG status

A

1984

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13
Q

Chianti

7 original subzones

8th subzone

A
  • Classico
  • Rufina
  • Colli Fiorentini
  • Colli Senesi
  • Colline Pisane
  • Colli Aretini
  • Montalbano
  • 8th subzone, Montespertoli, 1997 decree
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14
Q

Chianti

Year boundaries of the modern zone were established

A

1932

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16
Q

Chianti

Major firm of Rufina subzone

A

Frescobaldi

  • Rufina, exception of Classico, most consistent subzone in quality
  • Frescobaldi, Fattoria Selvapiana - only producer of tiny Pomino DOC w/in Rufina
  • Red and white w/ higher % international grapes than Chianti DOCG
  • Range of varietal bottlings
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17
Q

governo

A

refermentation with juice of dried grapes

  • Strengthen wine, initiate malolactic fermentation
  • Traditional practice, legally permitted Chianti DOCG, most quality-minded avoid it
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18
Q

governo

label indicaton

A

‘Governo all’uso Toscano’

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19
Q

Chianti Normale

Aging requirements

A

March 1 year following harvest

  • Florentine subzones Rufina, Montespertoli, Colli Fiorentini require additional aging
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20
Q

Chianti riserva

Aging requirement

A

2 years

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21
Q

Chianti Superiore

A
  • Extra 1/2 degree alcohol
  • Lowered yields
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22
Q

Chianti DOCG

min % Sangiovese

A

70%

  • June 2009 DOCG regulations
  • Colli Senesi subzone - min 75%
23
Q

Chianti Classico DOCG

min alcohol %

A

12%

  • vs 11.5% Chianti DOCG
24
Q

Chianti Classico DOCG

Aging requirement

25
Q

Chianti Classico DOCG Riserva

Aging requirement

26
Q

Chianti Classico DOCG Riserva

Min alcohol %

A

12.5%

vs

  • Chianti Classico: 12%
  • Gran Selezione: 13%
27
'Gran Selezione' Year category was introduced for Chianti Classico Aging requirements
'Gran Selezione' * **2013** * **Aged 30 mon**
28
First to release Brunello
**Clemente Santi** of **Tenuta Greppo's Biondi-Santi** * First to isolate Brunello clone and bottle it alone in _1865_
29
Year Biondi-Santi first released Brunello *Riserva*
**1888**
30
Brunello di Montalcino Aging requirements
**2 yrs cask, 4 mon bottle, Jan 1st 5th yr** * *riserva -* min 2 yrs cask, 6 mon bottle, Jan 1st 6th yr
31
"junior" Brunello Aging requirements
**Rosso di Montalcino DOC** * 1 yr, cask not required * 100% Sangiovese
32
Montalcino DOC for "Super-Tuscan" wines Year Est
**Sant'Antimo DOC** * **Est 1996** * Any grape authorized in Tuscany may be used for Sant'Antimo DOC * Red or White
33
Montalcino DOC for white wines
**Moscadello di Montalcino DOC** * Moscadello (Moscato Bianco) grape * Often sweet, may be still or sparkling
34
Vintage of Antinori's 'Tignanello' 1st release
**1971**
35
Montalcino Soil in higher altitude vineyards
***galestro*** - marl and limestone * In many of the best vineyard sites of Tuscany
36
Antinori's Cabernet-based "Super Tuscan"
**Solaia**
38
Vin Santo Barrels used for aging
**caratelli barrels** ## Footnote (small wooden barrels, 50 liters)
39
Vintage for Marquis Mario Rochetta's Tenuta San Guido first release of 'Sassicaia'
**1968** * Sassicaia, barrique-aged Cabernet blend from Bolgheri in Northern Maremma
40
Bolgheri Sassicaia DOC Year established
Beginning with the **1994** vintage
41
Trebbiano Toscano a.k.a.
**Ugni Blanc**
42
Trebbiano di Soave a.k.a.
**Verdicchio Bianco**
43
Why is Brunello production in Torrenieri controversial?
* **The heavy clay soils are considered unsuitable for quality production** * **Originally included only because it falls with the Montalcino municipality** * **Called the Crete Senesi, until the 1990's nothing was planted there** * **Similar soils in the chianti classico zone have been excluded from the DOCG boundaries**
44
Montosoli
* **A hill of 280-350M north of the town of Montalcino, which is spared the autumnal fog of lower altitudes** * **Generally produces wines with the power and concentration of vineyards in the southern part of the appellation**
45
Montalcino Highest elevation point for vineyards
**500 m** ## Footnote (total elevation 667M)
46
Montalcino Main type of vine training
* **Spurred single cordon, to increase competition between vines and encourage smaller bunches with thicker skins** * **Previously (1970's/80's) Guyot was popular, but created too much production/vigor and diluted the wines**
47
"Brunellogate" Main firms involved
* **Scandal involving the seizure of many bottles of Brunello by the Italian government under the allegations that other grapes were being blended into the wine** * **Wines seized were the 2003 vintage, in 2008** * **Antinori, Argiano, Banfi, Frescobaldi**
48
Major producer responsible for pushing Brunello onto the world stage in the 1970's
**John and Harry** (pictured) **Mariani, founders of Villa Banfi** (Lambrusco) * **Landed in Brunello in 1978**
49
Rosso di Montalcino DOC Grape and aging requirements
* **100% Sangiovese** * **1 year aging**
50
Brunello di Montalcino DOCG 3 Rivers that delimit the region
**3 Rivers:** * **Ombrone** (N) * **Asso** (E) * **Orcia** (S)
51
What was revolutionary about the creation of the Rosso di Montalcino DOC?
* **1st instance of two controlled appellations applying to the same vineyards (Brunello and Rosso), paving the way for Rosso di Valtellina, etc.** * **Vineyards must be registered with the consorzio; you may declassify your brunello to rosso, but not vice versa** * **DOC was established in 1983**

Central and Southern Italy Wine (14 decks)

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