Turning

Question 1

What are the 3 main turning strategies?

Answer 1

1. Step Turn
2. Spin Turn
3. Ipsilateral Crossover

Question 2

What limb is the one that initiates the turn?

Answer 2

The Reference limb is the limb that Always Initiates the turn

Question 3

What is the reference limb in a step turn?

Answer 3

Outside leg

Question 4

What is the reference limb in a spin turn?

Answer 4

Inside Leg

Question 5

What is the reference limb in a Ipsilateral Crossover?

Answer 5

Inside Leg

Question 6

What is the objective associated with a Step Turn for Loading Response?

Answer 6

Initiate change in Direction of COM

Question 7

What are the Critical Events Associated with a Step Turn for Loading Response?

Answer 7

1. Leg Rotation Towards Side (Internal Rotation)
2. Beginning trunk and pelvic rotation towards turn side
3. Slight foot supination

Question 8

What is the objective associated with Step Turn for Mid stance?

Answer 8

Change direction of body COM

Question 9

What are the critical events associated with a Step Turn for Mid Stance?

Answer 9

Continued Pelvis and Trunk Rotation (as a unit)

Slight Supination to Pronation as inside limb steps forward

Question 10

What is the objective for Terminal Stance in a step turn

Answer 10

Complete change of direction of body COM

Question 11

What are the critical events associated with Terminal stance in a step turn?

Answer 11

1. Continued rotation of body and trunk towards new direction
2. Relative LE external rotation as swing limb turns in new direction
3. Foot Pronation

Question 12

What is the objective for Pre-Swing in a Step Turn?

Answer 12

Re-Align body in new direction

Question 13

What are the critical events for Pre-Swing in a Step Turn?

Answer 13

1. Achieve forward position of body in new direction via loading response of contralateral limb
2. Begin realignment of reference limb in new direction

Question 14

What is the objective for Initial-Swing in a Step Turn?

Answer 14

Re-Align reference limb with body

Question 15

What is the critical event associated with initial-swing in a step turn?

Answer 15

Slight Internal rotation of leg in neutral in line with pelvis

Question 16

What is the objective for a spin turn in loading response?

Answer 16

Same as Normal Gait LR

Question 17

What is the critical event(s) for a spin turn in Loading Response

Answer 17

Same as Normal Gait LR

Question 18

What is the objective for Midstance in a Spin Turn?

Answer 18

Change Direction of body COM VIA a Pivot on Reference Foot

Question 19

What is the critical event for Midstance in a Spin Turn?

Answer 19

Ankle PF and Slight supination

Question 20

What is the Objective/Critical event for Terminal Stance in a spin turn?

Answer 20

Same as normal Gait Terminal Stance

Question 21

What is the Objective/Critical event for Pre-Swing in a spin turn?

Answer 21

Same as normal Gait Pre-Swing

Question 22

What is the objective associated with Ipsilateral Crossover for Loading Response?

Answer 22

Initiate Change in Direction of COM

Question 23

What is the Critical Event Associated with Ipsilateral Crossover for Loading Response?

Answer 23

Leg Rotation Towards turn side (external Rotation)

Question 24

What is the objective associated with Ipsilateral Crossover for Midstance?

Answer 24

Change in direction of COM

Question 25

What is the Critical Event Associated with Ipsilateral Crossover for Midstance?

Answer 25

Simultaneous Pelvis and Trunk Rotation
Hip Internal Rotation as Swing Limb crosses over
Foot Pronation to Supination

Question 26

What is the Objective Associated with Ipsilateral Crossover for Terminal Stance?

Answer 26

Continue change of direction of body COM

Question 27

What is the Critical Event Associated with Ipsilateral Crossover for Terminal Stance?

Answer 27

Simultaneous pelvis and trunk rotation accomplished via swing limb bringing body forward
Maintain LE Internal Rotation and Foot Supination