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USC PT Biomechanics > Stair Ascending/Descending > Flashcards

Stair Ascending/Descending Flashcards

1
Q

For ascending stairs, what are the phases?

A 
Loading Response
Mid-Stance Elevation
Pre-Swing
Early Swing
Late Swing
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2
Q

This is when the Reference Limb initially contacts the step to contralateral toe off

A

Loading Response

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3
Q

Contralateral Toe-Off to Contralateral Contact

A

Mid-Stance Elevation

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4
Q

Contralateral Initial Contact to Reference Limb Toe Off

A

Pre-Swing

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5
Q

Toe off to point where reference limb crosses Contralateral limb

A

Early Swing

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6
Q

From crossing of contralateral limb to contact with reference limb

A

Late Swing

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7
Q

What are the objectives associated with Loading Response for ascending stairs

A

Forward Progression

Weight Bearing Stability

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8
Q

What are the critical events associated with Loading Response for ascending stairs?

A 
FP: Flat foot contact
FP: Restrained Ankle Dorsiflexion
FP: Forward Trunk Lean
WBS: Hip and knee Extension
WBS: Level Pelvis
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9
Q

What are the muscle actions associated with Loading Response for ascending stairs?

A

Hip Sagittal: Concentric Hip Extensors
Hip Frontal: Isometric Hip Abductors
Knee: Concentric Quadriceps
Ankle: Eccentric Plantarflexors

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10
Q

What are the objectives of Mid-Stance Elevation?

A
  1. Weight bearing Stability
  2. Elevation of Body COM
  3. Progression of COM over and beyond BOS
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11
Q

What are the critical events associated with Mid-stance Elevation?

A

Level Pelvis
Hip Extension
Knee Extension
Ankle DF

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12
Q

What are the muscle actions associated with Mid-Stance Elevation?

A

Hip Frontal: Isometric Hip Abductors
Hip Sagittal: Concentric Hip Extensors
Knee: Concentric Quadriceps
Ankle: Concentric Plantarflexors

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13
Q

What are the objectives for Pre-Swing for ascending stairs?

A
  1. Initiate limb Advancement

2. Elevation of COM

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14
Q

What are the critical events associated with Pre-Swing for ascending stairs?

A
  1. Begin Hip and Knee Flexion

2. Ankle DF to PF with Heel Rise

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15
Q

What are the muscle activations associated with Pre-Swing for ascending stairs?

A

Hip Sagittal: Concentric Flexion
Knee: Concentric Knee Flexion
Ankle: Concentric Ankle Plantarflexors

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16
Q

What are the objectives for Early Swing for ascending stairs?

A
  1. Limb Advancement

2. Foot Clearance

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17
Q

What are the critical events associated with Early Swing for ascending stairs?

A

Hip flexion
Knee Flexion
Ankle dorsiflexion

18
Q

What muscle activations are associated with Early Swing for ascending stairs?

A

Concentric Hip Flexors
Concentric Knee Flexors
Concentric Ankle Dorsiflexors

19
Q

What are the objectives of Late Swing for ascending stairs?

A

Complete Limb Advancement
Foot Clearance
Prepare limb for Stance

20
Q

What are the critical events associated with Late Swing for ascending stairs?

A

Hip Flexion
Knee Flexion
Ankle DF

21
Q

What muscle activations are occurring during late swing for ascending stairs?

A

Concentric Hip Flexion
Concentric Knee Extension
Isometric Ankle Dorsiflexion

22
Q

What are the phases for Descending stairs?

A 
Loading Response
Mid Stance Lowering
Pre-Swing
Early Swing
Late Swing
23
Q

Reference Limb initial contact to Contralateral toe off

A

Loading Response

24
Q

Contralateral Toe-Off to Contralateral contact

A

Mid Stance Lowering

25
Q

Contralateral Initial contact to Reference Limb Toe Off

A

Pre-Swing

26
Q

Reference Limb toe off to point where reference limb crosses contralateral limb

A

Early Swing

27
Q

From crossing of contralateral limb to contact of reference limb.

A

Late Swing

28
Q

What is the objective of loading response for descending stairs?

A

Weight Bearing Stability
Shock Absorption
Modulated Forward Progression

29
Q

What are the critical events associated with loading response for descending stairs?

A 
Level Pelvis
Sustained Hip Flexion
Restrained Knee flexion
Restrained ankle DF
Backward Trunk Lean
30
Q

What are the muscle activations associated with loading response for descending stairs?

A

Isometric Hip Extensors
Isometric Hip Abductors
Eccentric Knee Quadriceps
Eccentric Ankle Plantarflexors

31
Q

What are the objectives associated with Mid Stance Lowering?

A
  1. Weight Bearing Stability
  2. Lowering Body COM
  3. Progression of COM over and beyond BOS
32
Q

What are the critical events associated with Mid Stance Lower?

A

Level Pelvis
Hip Flexion
Restrained Knee Flexion
Restrained Ankle DF

33
Q

What are the muscle activations associated with mid stance lowering?

A

Isometric Hip Extensors
Isometric Hip abductors
Eccentric Knee Extensors (quadriceps)
Eccentric Ankle Plantarflexors

34
Q

What are the objectives associated with Pre-Swing for descending stairs?

A

Initiate Limb Advancement

Preserve Balance and Stability

35
Q

What are the critical events associated with Pre-Swing for descending stairs?

A

Hip flexion
Knee Flexion
Ankle Plantar Flexion

36
Q

What are the muscle activations for Pre-Swing for descending stairs?

A

Hip: No activity
Eccentric Knee Extensors
Ankle: Elastic Recoil arising from residual tension in the plantar flexors leads to brisk PF

37
Q

What are the objectives associated with Early Swing for descending stairs?

A
  1. Limb Advancement

2. Foot Clearance

38
Q

What are the critical events associated with Early Swing for descending stairs?

A

Hip flexion
Knee Flexion
Ankle DF (From PF to Neutral)

39
Q

What are the muscle activations for Early Swing for descending stairs?

A

Concentric Hip Flexors
Concentric Knee Flexors
Concentric Ankle DF

40
Q

What are the objectives associated with late swing for descending stairs?

A

Lengthening of limb to contact next step (preparing limb for stance)

41
Q

What are the critical events associated with late swing for descending stairs?

A

Hip Extension
Knee Extension
ankle Plantarflexion

42
Q

What are the muscle activations associated with late swing for descending stairs?

A

Concentric Hip Extensors
Concentric Knee Extensors
Concentric Ankle Plantarflexors

USC PT Biomechanics (3 decks)

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