Turn Coordinator Flashcards
What is the difference between a Turn Coordinator and a Turn and Bank/Turn and Slip Indicator?
- Turn Coordinator identifies both yaw and rate of roll/bank
- Turn and Bank Indicator only identifies yaw
What powers the Turn Coordinator?
Most commonly powered by the vacuum system but can be electrically powered as well.
What is a standard rate turn?
In a standard rate turn, the AC moves through 3 degrees of heading every second.
It takes 2 minutes to do a 360 turn
1 minute to do a 180 turn
30 sec to turn 90 degrees
What instrument should you look at first to do a standard rate turn?
Use your attitude indicator to reach the correct angle of bank and then use your turn coordinator to keep the turn coordinated
What is a skid?
A skid happens when there is not enough bank angle or too much rudder for the rate of turn. This makes the ball go towards the outside of the inclenometer
**This can be thouhgt of as the ball following the tail of the AC. Tail will be skidding to the outside of the turn
What is a slip?
Not enough rudder or too much bank in the turn. The ball will roll towrds the inside of the inclometer (wing tip and ball will be touching) Either step on the ball or reduce the bank angle to fix it.
** A slip can be thought of as the ball doing the same as your tail. Your tail will be slipping into the turn
In a turn and slip indicator how is the gyro mounted?
- The spin axisof the gyro is horizontal
- The gyro is gimballed along a plane perpendicular to the spin axis
- The gyro spins up and away from you
Due to the mounting, the gyro for a turn and slip indicator is only capable of measuring yaw.
How does a Turn Coordinator measure both yaw and bank?
The gyro gimbal is angled 30 - 35 degrees to the horizontal. Because of this, it is able to respond to both yaw and roll.
Like the Turn and Bank Indicator:
* The gyro itself is still mounted vertically and spins about a horizontal axis
* The gyro still spins up and away from you
How do you estimate the angle of bank necessary to execute a standard rate turn?
(TAS / 10) + 7
Examples:
* 120kts / 10 + 7 = 19degree bank angle
* 90kts / 10 + 7 = 16 degree bank angle
Use your attitude indicator to get the bank angle and then look at your turn coordinator. The attitude indicator does not lag.
Example of slip, skid, and coordinated turn
With the needle halfway between the top of a turn and bank indicator and the doghouse, a turn from a heading of 030 degrees to 060 degrees would take _____seconds.
20 seconds.
Because the needle being halfway between the two means you are doing half a rate one turn. It would take 10 seconds to do it if the needle was all the way on the doghouse. So now it takes 20 seconds (twice as long)
During a skidding turn the centrifugal force exceeds the____
force of gravity on the ball
During a forward slip the turn coordinator should indicate wings ______
level with the ball towards the low wing of the AC.
**According to the quiz, the turn coordinator is a rate instrument and should not show a bank angle. In a forward slip there is no roll or yaw rate, the aircraft is not chnagingn bank or heading, so the wings in a turn coordinator will remain level. Gravity is the only thing pulling the ball towards the wing that is dipping
Quiz Question: The gyro in a turn coordinator is mounted:
Vertically along the horizontal axis with a canted gimbal
Quiz question: the gyro in a turn and slip/bank indicator is mounted:
vertically along the horizontal axis while spinning up and away from the pilot
