TURGEON (5TH ED. | ERYTHROCYTE MATURATION, PHYSIOLOGY, AND LIFECYCLE Flashcards
What are the (4) characteristics of a mature erythrocyte?
1) Biconcave disc
2) Has a central pallor (1/3 of the cell)
3) Soft
4) Pliable
The central pallor of a mature erythrocyte occupies what size of the cell?
1/3
In a mature erythrocyte, what are the (2) components that perform the function of oxygen-carbon dioxide transport?
1) Respiratory protein
2) Hgb
What is the average life span of a mature erythrocyte?
120 days
What is the purpose of a mature erythrocyte being pliable?
For it to move w/ ease through the tissue capillaries and splenic circulation
What happens as RBCs ages?
Cytoplasmic enzymes are catabolized -> increased membrane rigidity (density), phagocytosis, and destruction
What is the process of erythrocyte production?
Erythropoiesis
What is erythropoiesis?
Differentiation from the HSC to mature erythrocyte
Epitomizes highly specialized cellular differentiation and gene expression
True or False
As cells progress through the stages of erythropoiesis, their potential to differentiate into lymphoid or other cell types is restricted
True
What comprises 95% of the total cellular protein of erythrocytes?
Hgb
Erythropoiesis is regulated by combined actions of what (2) components?
1) Cytokine signaling pathways
2) Transcription factors
TRUE OR FALSE
Molecular regulators of erythropoiesis can be categorized as those committing pluripotent precursors to an erythroid fate and those regulating the differentiation of erythroid progenitors into erythrocytes
True
What are molecular chaperones?
1) A diverse group of proteins
2) Important in red cell maturation
Molecular chaperones influence all aspects of normal cellular function including what (4) components?
1) Signaling
2) Transcription
3) Cell division
4) Apoptosis
What is the process of hematopoiesis?
Begins w/ the development of primitive erythrocytes in the embryonic yolk sac -> continues in extramedullary organs such as the liver in the developing fetus -> ultimately located in the red bone marrow during late fetal development, childhood, and adult life