Turco Flipped

Question 1

Complex 1

Answer 1

Takes electrons from NADH and recycles back the NAD…transfers electronas to ubiquinone (coenzyme Q)

Question 2

Complex 2

Answer 2

Generates fumarate and puts electrons onto UQ…uses FADH2

Question 3

Complex 3

Answer 3

Moves electrons to cytochrome C

Question 4

Complex 4

Answer 4

Moves electrons to oxygen

Question 5

Electron energies

Answer 5

Originally high…end up low

Question 6

Energy gradient created

Answer 6

Both pH and charge gradient…want to get back into the matrix but cannot…need pump

Question 7

F0

Answer 7

Channel that allows electrons to move back in

Question 8

F1

Answer 8

Converts 3 ADP to 3 ATP

Question 9

Electron transport/ATP coupling

Answer 9

They can be decoupled…this is seen in pahtolgoies

Question 10

What controls ETC rate?

Answer 10

ADP controls the rate…it rushes into matrix and turns on enzymes telling you to make more ATP

Question 11

Shivering

Answer 11

Muscle contraction in order to make more ATP and generate heat (50/50)

Question 12

Anaerorbic conditions effects

Answer 12

mitochondrial ATP decreases
Glycolysis will increase because of low ATP not inhibting PFK1
Oxidative phosphorylation decreases and substrate level increases

Question 13

Odor of bitter almonds

Answer 13

Cyanide poisoning

Question 14

Cyanide mech

Answer 14

binds to Fe3+ in complex 4…means it cannot accept electrons and therefore ETC stops…No ATP made aerobically

Question 15

Cyanide other effects

Answer 15

Anything biosynthetic will decrease…have to generatre ATP by anaerboci metabolism…fatty acid and ketone breakdown decreases…lactic acid metabolism will increase

Question 16

Bartbituates

Answer 16

Inhibit complex 1…ETC stops

Question 17

CO mech

Answer 17

Binds to Fe 2+ in complex 4, ETC stop

Question 18

Halotane

Answer 18

Uncoupler…means that 50% not captured to make ATP so 100% heat…fever…nothing wrong with ETC, just ATP production

Question 19

Thermogenin

Answer 19

Found in brown adipose tissue in babies…proton channel…gives child warmer feeling

Question 20

Tachypnea

Answer 20

Heavy breathing occurs when you have fever because ADP levels are rising and ADP controls rate of ETC…have to breathe in more oxygen

Question 21

MELAS

Answer 21

Mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke

Question 22

Mitochondrial inheritance

Answer 22

ALL from the mother…easy to ID

Question 23

Cause of MELAS

Answer 23

tRNA (leu) deficit