Tumours

Question 1

in adults, what types of tumours are more common in the brain?

Answer 1

metastatic (not primary)

Question 2

which tumours tend to metastasise to the brain?

Answer 2

lung
large bowel
breast

Question 3

do primary brain tumours tend to metastasise outside brain?

Answer 3

/NO

Question 4

cellls in the brain

Answer 4

astrocytes
oligodendrocytes
ependymal cdells
neurones
microglial cells

Question 5

astrocytic gliomas are what sort of tumours?

Answer 5

are infiltrative

Question 6

what grade is fibrillary astrocytoma?

Answer 6

who II

non enhancing

Question 7

anaplastic astrocytoma WHO grade?

Answer 7

III

slightly enhancing

Question 8

glioblastoma (multiforme) WHO grade

Answer 8

IV

ring enhancing

Question 9

astrocytic tumours WHO grade II

Answer 9

minimum pleomorphism,
no mitoses
no necrosis
no endothelial cell proliferation

eg fibrillary astrocytoma

Question 10

astrocytic tumours who grade III

Answer 10

moderate pleomorphism
some mitoses
no necrosis
no endothelial cell proliferation

eg anaplastic astrocytoma

Question 11

who grade IV astrocytic tumours

Answer 11

marked pleomorphism
mitoses
necrosis and/or florid endothelial cell proliferation

glioblastoma

Question 12

who grade I astrocytomas

Answer 12

reserved for special types, eg
Pilocytic astrocytoma
usually affects children/the young. cerebellum, hypothalamus, optic nerve. Enhancing. Often curable by resection

Question 13

ependymal tumours

Answer 13

ependymomas

ependyma is thin epithelium-like lininging of the ventricular system of the CNS, involved in CDF production
Enhancing
spinal cord in adult, posterior fossa in children
Seen with NF type II
can cause syringomyelia

Question 14

which tumour can cause syringomyelia?

Answer 14

ependymoma

Question 15

what tumour is associated with NF type II

Answer 15

ependymoma

Question 16

oligodedraglioma

Answer 16

anaplastic.
genetics important (mixed tumours)
In adults
strange enhancement +/- calcification

Better survival of astrocytic tumour of the same grade

Question 17

medulloblastoma

Answer 17

usually childhood
primitive neuroectodermal tumour
usually in cerebellum
enhancing
highly malignant (who grade IV)

small round blue cell tumour

Question 18

Meningioma

Answer 18

most cmomon extra-axial tumour of CNS
M
generally dura based - spine or intracranial.
In skull: oarasagittal sphenoid wing, tentorial

Enhancing
well defined

Question 19

lymphomas

Answer 19

can be 1ry or 2ndry

B>T cell

Question 20

schwannoma associated with

Answer 20

NF2

Question 21

neurofibroma associated with

Answer 21

NF1