Tumour microenvironment (1)

Question 1

how many people diagnosed with cancer /year in the UK?

Answer 1

375,000 /year

Question 2

what 4 types of cancer account for over 50% of new cancers

Answer 2

breast, prostate, lung and bowel

Question 3

key characteristic of TME

Answer 3

cells recruited and corrupted by cancer cells

(tumour promoting cells) makes up >50% of the tumour cells

Question 4

intracellular signalling in tumour driven by (4) …

Answer 4

1. cytokines
2. chemokines
3. GFs
4. inflammatory & matrix remodelling enzymes

Question 5

activities in TME have many parallels with …

Answer 5

wound healing

Question 6

autocrine signalling

Answer 6

cells self-signalling

Question 7

paracrine signalling

Answer 7

secreted factors from cells act on cells within same vicinity

Question 8

juxtacrine signalling

Answer 8

cell-cell contact signalling

Question 9

endocrine

Answer 9

secreted factors effect distant site
e.g. hormones secreted into blood

Question 10

what colour does smooth muscle actin stains what colour ??
and what does this indicate ??

Answer 10

brown
indicates lots of fibroblasts

Question 11

pericytes

Answer 11

cells surrounding blood vessels

Question 12

fibroblasts of mesenchymal origin express what intermediate filament (IF) protein

Answer 12

vimentin

Question 13

what produced by fibroblasts … makes up the ECM …

Answer 13

collagen, glycosaminoglycans, reticular & elastin fibres