Tumour Definitions HN1-23 VNs

Question 1

Layers of Epidermis & Cells in each layer

Answer 1

Corneum - dead keratinocytes
Lucidum 
Granulosum
Spinosum - keratinocytes, langerhan cells
Basale - Merkel cell, Melanocytes

Question 2

Acanthosis

Answer 2

thicker spinosum layer of skin

Question 3

Anaplasia

Answer 3

change of cell to less highly differentiated form

Question 4

atrophy

Answer 4

decrease in size of cell, organ or tissue after full development

Question 5

Define Carcinoma in situ

Answer 5

o Growth disturbance in which there is sufficient atypicality of the epithelial cells and their arrangement to warrant the diagnosis of cancer in the absence of invasion

Question 6

Choristoma

Answer 6

mass of histologically normal tissue in abnormal location

Question 7

Teratoma

Answer 7

tumour with 1-3 germinal layers and has different tissue that don’t occur together or at the site of the tumour

**strict definition: all 3 germinal layers

Question 8

Desmoplasia

Answer 8

connective tissue reaction to tumour

Question 9

Dyskeratosis

Answer 9

keratin produced at lower layers of skin

Question 10

Dysplasia

Answer 10

change in size, shape or orientational relationship

Question 11

Ectopic

Answer 11

normal tissue, abnormal location

Question 12

Hemartoma

Answer 12

circumscribed overgrowth of tissue that is NORMALLY found in that part of the body

Question 13

Hyperkeratosis

Answer 13

increased thickness of keratinized layers

Question 14

Hyperplasia

Answer 14

increase in number of cells/unit of tissue

Question 15

Hypertrophy

Answer 15

increase in individual cell size

Question 16

Keratoacanthosis

Answer 16

increase in spinosum layer and keratosis

Question 17

Metaplasia

Answer 17

differentiation of cell into another type

Question 18

Metastasis

Answer 18

secondary discontinuous cancer growths

Question 19

Neoplasm

Answer 19

proliferation of cells to form a mass

Question 20

Parakeratosis

Answer 20

retention of nuclei in cells that get to the stratum corneum (normally dead keratinocytes)

Question 21

Pleomorphism

Answer 21

more than one form of a single cell type

Question 22

Cell Repair

Answer 22

cell proliferation to repair and restore towards normal structure and function