tumors/infection

Question 1

onion skinning

Answer 1

ewings sarcoma

Question 2

most common primary malignant bone tumor

Answer 2

multiple myeloma

Question 3

ewings sarcoma

Answer 3

primary sarcoma found in ages 5-25, in diaphyses of long bones, ribs, and flat bones.

Question 4

osteosarcoma age and location

Answer 4

ages 10-20 yrs old, arising in metaphyseal area of long bones

Question 5

tumor in metaphyseal area of long bones

Answer 5

osteosarcoma

Question 6

tumor in diaphyses of long bones, ribs, flat bones

Answer 6

ewings sarcoma

Question 7

what enzymes are elevated when the bone is broken down and remodeled

Answer 7

alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase

Question 8

what can detect the specific abnormal globulin of multiple myeloma

Answer 8

serum and urine protein electrophoresis

Question 9

soap bubble

Answer 9

giant cell tumor

Question 10

acute hematogenous osteomyelitis of bone affects what

Answer 10

long bones in children

Question 11

pts with sickle cell anemia at risk for what

Answer 11

salmonella osteomyelitis

Question 12

test to order for osteoporosis

Answer 12

dual energy xray absorptiometry

Question 13

exogenous osteomyelitits results from what

Answer 13

open fracture and surgery

Question 14

s/s of acute hematogenous osteomyelitits

Answer 14

pain, LROM, soft tissue swelling

drainage rare

Question 15

s/s of chronic hematogenous osteomyelitits

Answer 15

recurrent flare ups of tender, warm, sometimes swollen areas occur, and pts often complain of malaise, anorexia, fever, wt loss, night sweats

as well as pain and drainage from a sinus tract

bone necrosis, soft tissue damage, bone instability

Question 16

xray changes of osteomyelitits lags by how many days

Answer 16

7-10 days

Question 17

what test is useful for early detection of acute osteomyelitis

Answer 17

ultrasonography

Question 18

involucrum

Answer 18

periosteal new bone

Question 19

late sequestra(dead bone surrounding granuation tissue) and involucrum take how long to appear

Answer 19

few weeks to months

Question 20

acute osteomyelitis tx

Answer 20

6-8 weeks of antibiotics- IV or oral

Question 21

chronic osteomyelitis tx

Answer 21

4-24 weeks of IV or po antibiotics

Question 22

carcinomas of what are the primary carcinomas that most commonly metastasize to the bone

Answer 22

prostate, breast, lung, kidney, thyroid

Question 23

most common site of bony mets

Answer 23

spine

Question 24

in adults over 60 y/o or older, what is the most common source of the bone lesion

Answer 24

metastatic carcinoma

Question 25

chondrosarcoma increase in incidence in who and present where

Answer 25

adults older than 60 years or older and can present within the central metaphyseal area

Question 26

incidence of of benign tumors of bone/soft tissue compared to primary malignant tumors

Answer 26

benign tumors of bone/soft tissue more common

Question 27

most common primary benign bone neoplasm of the hand

Answer 27

enchodroma(cartilaginous tumor)

Question 28

ganglions descriptions and appear where

Answer 28

soft, nontender, transilluminate mass

dorsum of hand or wrist

Question 29

mucous cysts are ganglia originating where

Answer 29

from the DIP joint and often associated with heberden nodules

Question 30

soft tissue sarcomas incidence compared to primary bone malignancies

Answer 30

3 times

Question 31

most common types of primary sarcomas of bone are…

Answer 31

chondrosarcoma, ewing sarcoma, osteosarcoma

Question 32

pain with malignancy?

Answer 32

painful mass attached to bone is usually malignant

Question 33

severe pain preceded by dull, aching pain

Answer 33

pathologic fracture

Question 34

with neoplasms, what labs are elevated when bone is broken down and remodeled

Answer 34

alk phos and LDH

Question 35

soft tissue sarcoma tx

Answer 35

radiation therapy followed by local resection

Question 36

codman triangle

sunburst pattern

Answer 36

periosteal new bone formation at diaphyseal end of lesion

osteosarcoma

Question 37

X-ray

Lytic lesions are areas of the bone which appear to be eaten away. Describe the appearane

Sunburst lesion on x-ray

Answer 37

X-ray

Lytic lesions are areas of the bone which appear to be eaten away. They may have sharp edges and no clear border.

Sunburst lesion on x-ray = osteosarcoma or ewing’s sarcoma

Question 38

The most common primary malignancies which metastasize to the bone are (3). Bone is the ___ most common area for metastasis

Osteosarcomas occur most commonly between the ages _____

Answer 38

prostate lung breast

3rd

10 to 20

Question 39

Sarcoma

Answer 39

Sarcoma = cancer of cells which are mesenchymal in origin including bone, fat and vascular cancers. Breast, lung and colon cancer originate from epithelial cells and are usually carcinomas