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Neuro Rehab Test 2 > Tumors > Flashcards

Tumors Flashcards

1
Q

T/F: neuro rehab is beneficial for patients with brain tumors

A

true

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2
Q

Though most tumors exist outside of the CNS, when they do present they are most like to occur where?

A

in the cerebrum

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3
Q

T/F: the majority of brain tumors are metastatic

A

false: though 40% of brain tumors are metastatic, most of them are not

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4
Q

two most common primary sites of brain metastases

A

lungs and breast

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5
Q

Primary brain tumors are classified by cell type. What are the three subcategories of glial tumors?

A
  1. astrocytomas/glioblastomas
  2. oligodendrogliomas
  3. ependymomas
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6
Q

what are astrocytomas/glioblastomas?

A

a type of glial cell brain tumor arising from the cells that support the brain in nutrition and waste

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7
Q

what are oligodendromas?

A

a type of glioma affecting the cells that produce myelin

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8
Q

what is an ependymoma?

A

a type of glioma affecting the cells that line the ventricles and is more common in teens and young adults.

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9
Q

gliomas represent what portion of brain tumors and what portion of malignancies?

A

30%; 80%

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10
Q

what are 4 types of common, nonglial tumors?

A
  1. meningiomas (most common primary brain tumor type)
  2. meduloblastoma
  3. schwannoma
  4. pituitary adenoma
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11
Q

what is a meningioma

A

the most common type of primary brain tumor (and also a nonglial tumor) that is usually benign and arises from the arachnoid layer of the meninges

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12
Q

what is a meduloblastoma

A

malignant nonglial tumor of the 4th ventricle which can likely metastasize via the CSF to other areas of the brain

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13
Q

what is a schwannoma

A

a benign nonglial tumor that affects myelin producing schwann cells

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14
Q

what does each of the four grades of brain tumor represent

A

classified by degree of malignancy

  1. discrete, slow, and similar to normal cells
  2. slow but can invade neighbor tissue
  3. actively reproducing cells that invade neighbor tissue
  4. rapid growth, proliferation, and infiltration - forms own blood supply and may have central necrosis
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15
Q

what is the most common malignant CNS tumor type

A

astrocytomas… glioblastoma multiform (GBM) aka gr IV astrocytoma

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16
Q

what is the most common benign tumor

A

meningioma

17
Q

what tumor type is most likely to present with acoustic neuroma?

A

vestibular schwannoma

18
Q

what is normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH)?

A

a sign of a brain tumor resulting from increased ventricle pressure as a result of tumor growth

19
Q

what are the two major sxs of brain tumor, generally

A

increased ICP and NPH

20
Q

what is often the first sign of tumor pathology

A

seizures

21
Q

what is the classic triad of sxs for increased ICP

A
  • headaches
  • papilledema (from pressure on the optic nerve)
  • N/V
22
Q

what are the 3 W’s assoc with NPH

A
  1. wet - incontinence
  2. wild - behavior change
  3. wobbly - gait devs
23
Q

what are sxs of acoustic neuroma (3)

A
  • early balance and hearing loss
  • dizziness and vertigo
  • facial nerve issues post op
24
Q

how do you distinguish a UMN from LMN facial nerve injury

A

a UMN lesion will demonstrate equal eyebrow raising

25
Q

what is a scale we can use to measure facial weakness

A

House Brackman Scale

26
Q

what are two medical management implications for those being treated for brain tumors

A
  1. corticosteroids may lead to low BMD, lig lax, and steroid myopathy (proximal weakness)
  2. anticonvulsants for seizures
27
Q

what are sxs that anticonvulsant medications are too high? too low?

A

high - cognitive lethargy

low - seizures

28
Q

what is the purpose of steroids in brain tumor management

A

swelling management - no direct effect

29
Q

what are the adverse effects of chemo

A

N/V, fatigue, compromised immunity

30
Q

what are the three most common deficits in brain tumor patients

A

impaired cognition (80%), weakness (78%), and visual-perceptual deficits (53%)

31
Q

T/F: there is an underreferral issue from oncology to rehab for patients with brain tumor

A

true: rehab is not automatic at the moment for brain tumor patients

32
Q

what is the primary goal for patients in rehab for brain tumors

A

patient goals/QoL

Neuro Rehab Test 2 (11 decks)

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