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Oncology > Tumor Markers > Flashcards

Tumor Markers Flashcards

1
Q

CA 15-3 & CA 27.29

A

Breast Cancer

Get from blood - MUC1 gene

As it gets higher, it is more indicative of metastatic disease

1/3 early stage, 2/3 late stage breast cancer

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2
Q

CEA

A

Colorectal and Breast cancer - mostly colorectal

Found in blood

Check for colorectal spread or breast cancer recurrence &treatment response

>10 = not benign

>100 = metastatic

Not useful for screening

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3
Q

CA 19-9

A

Pancreatic, Gallbladder, Bile duct, Gastric cancer

Blood

Used to assess treatment efficacy

Not useful for screening

>1000 = metastatic

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4
Q

Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP)

A

Liver and Germ cell tumors

Blood

Liver = Dx and follow treatment response

Germ = stage, prognosis, treatment response

Elevated in 80% hepatocellular cancer

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5
Q

Beta-HCG (B-HCG)

A

Choriocarcinoma and testicular cancer - really just for males

Urine or blood

Can also be elevated w/ marijuana use

Assess, stage, prognosis, and treatment response

No role in screening

Follow markers 1-2 mo for 1 year after treatment and then quarterly

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6
Q

CA 125

A

Ovarian Cancer - epithelial

Blood

Diagnose, assess treatment response

Poor for screening - guides therapeutic decisions

Get levels every 3 months for 2 years

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7
Q

Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA)

A

Prostate Cancer

Blood

Only marker used for screening

Also diagnose, assess treatment, check for recurrence

False elevations w/ large prostates or w/in 48 hr ejaculation

Doubling by 0.75 ng/mL per year = cancer

Levels return to normal 6-8 wks after sx

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8
Q

Drugs that affect PSA levels

A

Finasteride (Proscar)

Dutasteride (Avodart)

Taking these for 6 months will cut PSA in half - have to double values

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9
Q

PSA screening and Post-treatment

A

Routine screening not recommended 40-54 yo

55-69 - discuss risk v benefits of screening

Don’t screen after 70 yo or if <10 years life expectancy

Post-treatment: level should be undetectable after prostatectomy

  • any rise indicates new cancer
  • check every 6 months for 5 years and then annually
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10
Q

Tumor Markers for Breast Cancer

A

CA 15-3

CA 27.29

CEA (recurrence and treatment response)

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11
Q

Tumor Markers for Colorectal Cancer

A

CEA

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12
Q

Pancreatic/Gallbladder/Bile duct/Gastric Cancer tumor markers

A

CA 19-9

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13
Q

Tumor Marker for Liver and Germ Cell Cancer

A

AFP

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14
Q

Tumor Marker for Choriocarcinoma or Testicular Cancer

A

B-HCG

Also falsely elevated w/ marijuana use

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15
Q

Tumor Marker for Ovarian Cancer

A

CA 125

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Oncology (7 decks)

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