Tumor Chart Flashcards by Jake Aleck

5-20 yo, F>M

8-10 cm

metaphysis Proximal long bones, flat (pelvis), not center
Expanding, fast growing, MAY CROSS GROWTH PLATE

Lucent, thin ring (thining cortex), periosteal rxn., bubbles,

Aneurysmal Bone Cyst (ABC)

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Blood-filled, pain (worsens while walking), swelling

Can see fluid level on MRI, usually post- traumatic, common in clavicle

Aneurysmal Bone Cyst (ABC)

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> 1 cm (nidus)

distal long

lucent

Aspirin relieves pain, pain worst at night, no vascular blush

Brodie’s Abscess (osteoid osteoma)

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B 10-25

males

1–6 cm

epiph of distal femur, prox. Femur, prox tibia, Apophyseal locations

oval

lucent, reactive bone margin, scalloping, speckled, marginal sclerotic rim, matrix calcification

Chondroblastoma (Codman’s Tumor)

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like giant cell tumor 4 adult, MC tumor of patella

MC Tumor of the patella

Chondroblastoma (Codman’s Tumor)

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10-30 yo; 50- 70 yo males
metaphysis of proximal Tibia (around knee) - M/C site

oval

lucent, defined, endosteal scalloped cortex, NO calcifications, Soap bubbles

pain and swelling

Condromyxoid Fibroma

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B → M

10-30, M=F

central metaphysis, hands and feet (50%), wrists

long and oval

Lucent, sclerotic ring, endosteal scallop, Speckled/punct ate calcifications, epidermal inclusion cyst

Enchondroma

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Painless (sudden onset of pain = malignant transformation to Chondrosarcoma)

MC hand tumor (remove by hand surgeon); multiple = Ollier’s; Ench + heman = Mafucci

Enchondroma

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Any

Reg: <1 cm; Giant >1 cm

epiphysis, metaphysis, NOT in skull or diaphysis

Brush border, round/oval

Compact in bone marrow

Enostomas (Bone Island)

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Asymptomatic

NOT on bone scan, many = osteopoikilosis

Enostomas (Bone Island)

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4-8 yo

Ribs, pelvis, sacrum, ilium, Epi-dia of long bones (m/c -
posterior medial surface of distal femur)

Lucent, Marginal sclerosis, may be multiple

Cholesterol storage diseases (Gaucher’s)

Fibrous Xanthomas

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40’s

Vertebrae, long bone, skull

Extension into epidural space

Corduroy (vert), bubbles/lace (long), sunburst (Skull)

Hemangioma

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Crosses jt, Cordurory Cloth Appearance (coarse vertical striations in vertebral body)

M/C benign bone tumor of the spine, seen on MRI and not seen on X-ray, found in maxilla/mandible can result in DEATH from tooth extraction, Cavernous are most common type

In Skull - mostly frontal bone; Soft tissue = Phlebolit hs

Hemangioma

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2-10 yo

Cauliflower pelvic lesions

Multiple osteochondromas, Bayonet Hand Deformity (shortening of ulna, outward bowing of radius, subluxation of radioulnar joint)

Hereditary Multiple Exostoses

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5-70 yo

2-13 cm

Metaph tib/fib, calcaneus, feet

Geographic

scalloping, lytic, sclerotic border

Intraosseous lipoma

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Cockade sign (dystophic calcification), ususally asymptomatic (found on accident)

M/C = calceneus , Best imaging = MRI and CT

Intraosseous lipoma

Sled runner

enchondroma + hemangioma

Type of Encondroma (more malignant that Ollier’s)

Mafucci’s

8-20 (most in teens); males

> 8 cm

m/c - metaphysis of distal femur or tibia, not central, no periosteal reaction

Lucent, multilocular, reactive rim of bone (sclerosis), cortical thinning, scalloped

Non-ossifying Fibroma

usually asymptomatic, cortical defect

MC bone lesion; Jaffe- Campanacci syndrome

Non-ossifying Fibroma

B → M (some)

10-20yo

2-10 cm

posterior Vertebral arch (m/c location), meta-dia femur, foot

geographic

lucent w/ center dense, thin reactive rim

Osteoblastoma

pain (NOT at night and NOT relieved by asprin)

Looks like osteoid osteoma, SOME can become malignant

Osteoblastoma

B → M (Low Grade)

10–30 male

may reach 10cm

metaphysis of long near knee; knee mc

flat or stalk (coat hanger), cauliflower cap (for large lesions)

well defined, mottled density, calcificaitons. Cortex and medullary cavity blend to host bone

Osteochondroma

outgrowth, away from jt, asymptomatic unless disturbed

MC B bone tumor, stops growing after growth plate fusion, Sessile = pointing posterior of joint, Pedunculated = pointing away from joint

Osteochondroma

10-25, boys (young)
<1 cm
met. Prox. Tibia/femur, spine, hands/feet

Nidus (round or oval) - highly vascular fibrous connective tissue

Lucent ring around dense center, sclerotic ring around Nidus

Osteoid Osteoma

Aspirin relieves pain, deep ache, night pain is worst, vascular blush, limited ROM CT and/or Bone scan (MRI will show edema), thermocoagulation for confirmation

Osteoid Osteoma

B 10--20, 50's female <2cm Nose, sinuses, diaph of tibia Round, oval uniform opaque

Osteoma

NO symptoms, headaches, sinusitis, assoc. with Gardner syn. Diff from bone island -- bone scan is hot. Derives from intramembranous ossification, assosicated with Gardner's syndrome

Osteoma

B 3-14 males proximal humerus and femur (metaphysis and diaphysis) central, oblong lucent (broad at metaphysis; narrow at diaphysis), no periosteal rxn, fallen leaf sign (cortex falls in)

Simple Bone Cyst

Hot periphery; cold center, Fallen Fragment Sign (small detached floating bone), Hinged Fragment Sign (fragment attached at one end but opposite end moves with movement), Can have pathologic fracture, DDx = Lipoma

Simple Bone Cyst