Tulane (Block I Comprehensive)

Question 1

Cranial Nerve Nuclei associated with the myelecephalon

Answer 1

CN V, VIII, IX, X, XII

Question 2

Cranial Nerve Nuclei associated with the metencephalon

Answer 2

V, VI, VII, VIII

Question 3

Cranial Nerve Nuclei associated with the mesencephalon

Answer 3

II, III, IV, V

Question 4

Which Cranial Nerves are associated with sensory ganglia?

Answer 4

V, VII, IX, X

Question 5

Define Stereognosis

Answer 5

Recognizing objects

Question 6

Define graphesthesia

Answer 6

Recognizing symbols drawn on hand

Question 7

What does EPSP stand for?

Answer 7

Excitatory Post-Synaptic Potential

Question 8

What does EPP stand for?

Answer 8

End Plate Potential

Question 9

What does IPSP stand for?

Answer 9

Inhibitory Post-Synaptic Potential

Question 10

Horner’s syndrome 4 possible PNS lesion locations

Answer 10

Cervical sympathetic trunk, superior cervical ganglia, white ramus communicans of T1, lateral horn of T1

Question 11

What is the only cranial nerve to emerge above dorsal surface of brainstem

Answer 11

CN IV (trochlear)

Question 12

Which cranial nerves receive sensory information from the external ear

Answer 12

V, VII, IX, X

Question 13

If y􏰝ou see a patient 􏰟with a Bell􏰎s palsy􏰝 and an abducens palsy􏰝 on the same side􏰜 􏰟where might the lesion be?

Answer 13

Facial colliculus

Question 14

Define adequate stimulus

Answer 14

The appropriate stimulus to which a nerve best responds (pressing on eyeball is not an adequate stimulus, light is)

Question 15

What is the only sensory nerve that does not go through the thalamus?

Answer 15

Olfactory nerve (CN I)

Question 16

Gag reflex components

Answer 16

Afferent limb CN IX; Efferent limb CN X

Question 17

Implication of crossed (R + L) signs on neuro exam

Answer 17

Brainstem issue

Question 18

Define spasticity

Answer 18

Resistance to passive manipulation of the limb

Question 19

Differentiate between spasticity and rigidity

Answer 19

Spasticity eventually will give way (e.g. clasp-knife effect) and is unidirectional; rigidity is throughout manipulation and bidirectional

Question 20

Define clonus

Answer 20

Rhythmic contractions in response to sustained stretch

Question 21

2 parts of substantia nigra (and associated neurotransmitters)

Answer 21

Pars reticulata (GABA)
Pars compacta (Dopamine)

Question 22

When you hear nucleus accumbens think…

Answer 22

Reward center

Question 23

Structures of the subthalamus

Answer 23

Subthalamic nucleus, Zona Incerta, Tegmental H fields of Forel

Question 24

Components of Basal Ganglia

Answer 24

Caudate nucleus, putamen, globus pallidum

Question 25

Define Deferine-Rousey syndrome

Answer 25

Post-thalamic pain syndrome: searing pain (worse with movement or light touch) in pattern of prior pure sensory stroke

Question 26

Define Weber's Syndrome

Answer 26

Ipsilateral oculomotor deficit with contralateral hemiparesis

Question 27

Define Anosognosia

Answer 27

Unawareness of one's own medical condition

Question 28

Define Alexia without agraphia; what does this indicate?

Answer 28

Cannot read but writing ability preserved; suggests damage to corpus callosum

Question 29

Define Nystagmus

Answer 29

Repetitive, uncontrolled eye movements

Question 30

Define Lhermitte's sign

Answer 30

A "buzzing" sensation down the spine when looking downward; localizes pathology to cervical spine