Tucker Questions - Mod 2 Flashcards
Which motion do lesions occur the most in?
Lesions almost inevariably occur through exaggeration of secondary motions
What are proper and secondary motions and how are they related
Proper: The motion of the joint defined by the articular surfaces within an average limit of motion. The limitation to this proper motion is given by ligaments, or by cartilage as in the case of the intervertebral disc, or by bony contact, and this imitation then transforms the proper or primary motion into secondary motion.
Secondary
The character of tension is produced depends on this secondary motion
When you go past the Elastic Barrier
Occur when reflex motions are heightened
Barriers: Neurological Fluid Anatomical Physiological Elastic
According to Tucker, which two structures allow “proper motions” to quickly develop into secondary and even tertiary motions?
None of these proper motions remain proper for long—they are proper motions in only the first stages of motion. Ligaments and bony interferences quickly change the character of the motion and develop secondary and even tertiary motions.
Why are secondary motions also important in correcting a lesion?
The more it departs from the proper motion, the more it enters the phase of secondary motion, the greater the danger of lesion; and when it has passed the normal limits to secondary motion, it may be said that momentary lesion is always and necessarily produced—but in a vast majority of cases such lesions correct themselves.
How does Tucker define flexion and extension of the spine?
Flexion means bending toward the umbilicus, or toward lines drawn vertically and horizontally through it; extension means ;moving away from the umbilicus or vertical and horizontal lines drawn through it. Thus, flexion of the spine involves opening out or extension of individual vertebral joints; but to avoid confusion, such motion will be referred to as flexion of the individual joint, the umbilicus being regarded as the basis of comparison. The ribs are extended in inspiration, flexed in expiration.
Which vertebra does side bending not occur in?
Axis
What is a unique characteristic of the second lumbar vertebrae mentioned by Tucker, and what is a possible reason why it has this characteristic?
The second lumbar vertebrae is the largest, usually, corresponding with this fact of greater rotation and also being the point where the lines of tensions from iliac crests to ribs cross each other.
What is the first mechanical law?
Bone always bears pressure, directly perpendicular to articular surfaces, and in the direction of the length of long bones, and of the grain of all bones.
Why is the shape of the bones important for articulation?
The shapes of bones is an absolute indication of the direction and degree of pressure that they bear, from weight from muscular and ligamentous action, from atmospheric pressure, from all possible sources
According to Tucker, what are the vertebrae and ribs designed to do?
They were evidently devised for weight and tension bearing first, and for motion second.
According to Tucker, what is the only proper osteopathic technique to correct the lesion?
The only proper osteopathic technic is to correct the lesion; and “We do not push bones into place, we think them into place.” When we are trying to adjust a bone in lesions, we must “be that bone.”
Treatment overtime until the soft tissue and the body is able to accept and stabilize the bone and structure themselves
According to Tucker, what are 2 excellent aids in forming the mental pictures of the human anatomy?
Two excellent aids in forming mental pictures are studying the motions in the animal spine, where they are easy to realize, and studying the mechanical laws expressed in the forms and the motions of vertebrae
When comparing the animal body to the human body, which areas does Tucker state are most different?
Legs & hips
In the animal body, the spine is suspended after the manner of the Brooklyn Bridge. But the hind end (tail) has grown very small and thin, the front end has grown very huge, and added the City Hall for a head, and the Metropolitan and Woolworth towers for horns; so that the head and neck balance a large part of the trunk, and bring the major portion of the weight of the animal upon the front legs. The front legs are therefore straight as all weight-bearing structures should be. But the legs transmit this support through muscle and ligament to the upper ribs—wherefore in the animal, these also are very nearly straight; and by consequence, the upper part of the chest is narrow, which incidentally allows the forelegs to come close together and to be straight.
According to Tucker, where should the diagnosis of a sacroiliac lesion be made?
At the point where the bones are in actual contact that is reachable by the examining finger - at the points where the sacrum emerges from between the two ilia, the sacroiliac “X”, just below and in contact with the posterior superior spines of the ilia
According to Tucker, what accounts for more than 90% of the sacral lesions present?
A slipping of that bone ventrally on its articulation with the ilium (the so-called posterior innominate). This may be unilateral, the axis of rotation being, of course, the opposite side; or as in probably fifty percent of the cases, bilateral.
