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PA20320 Respiratory and dermatology > Tuberculosis > Flashcards

Tuberculosis Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Is rifampicin bactericidal or bacteriostatic?

A

Bactericidal

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2
Q

How does rifampicin work?

A

Inhibits RNA polymerase

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3
Q

Side effects of rifampicin

A 
Affects the pill
Liver damage
Hypersensitivity
Decrease activity of other drugs 
Red colour in body fluids
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4
Q

How does isoniazid work?

A

Inhibits synthesis of mycelia acid

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5
Q

Pharmacokinetics of isoniazid

A

Well distributed, including CSF

Metabolised in the liver, excreted by kidneys

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6
Q

Side effects of isoniazid

A

Hypersensitivity
Peripheral neuropathy
Liver toxicity
Decrease efficacy of hormonal birth control

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7
Q

Is pyrazinamide bactericidal or bacteriostatic?

A

Bactericidal

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8
Q

How does pyrazinamide work?

A

Decrease synthesis of myopic acid / damages bacterial membrane

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9
Q

Pharmacokinetics of pyrazinamide

A

Oral, well absorbed

Metabolised by liver, excreted in kidneys

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10
Q

Side effects of pyrazinamide

A

Joint pain, liver damage, hypersensitivity

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11
Q

Is ethambutol bacteriostatic or bactericidal?

A

Bacteriostatic

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12
Q

How does ethambutol work?

A

Increases permeability by affecting synthesis of cell wall

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13
Q

Pharmacokinetics of ethambutol

A

Oral, well absorbed and distributed

50% excreted unchanged in urine

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14
Q

Side effects of ethambutol

A

Optic neuritis - reversible

Joint pain

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15
Q

1st line anti-TB drugs

A

Rifampicin, isoniazid, ethambutol, pyrazinamide

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16
Q

2nd line anti-TB drugs

A

Streptomycin, capreomycin - aminoglycoside
Cycloserine - neurological side effects
Ciprofloxacin - quinolone
Azithromycin - newer macrolide

17
Q

Treatment of active TB

A

Rifampicin and Isoniazid for 6-9m
Pyrazinamide and Ethambutol for first 2m
‘RIPE’

18
Q

Treatment of latent TB

A

For specific high risk patient groups
Isoniazid (6m) or
Rifampicin and Isoniazid (3m)

PA20320 Respiratory and dermatology (2 decks)

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