Tsardem To Communism

Question 1

Why was size a problem for ruling Russia?

Answer 1

Covered 1/6 of the world

4000 by 2000 miles

Question 2

Why was communications a problem for ruling Russia?

Answer 2

Railways and rivers

No paved roads outside of cities

Question 3

Why was Russification a problem for ruling Russia?

Answer 3

Made non-Russians speak Russian

Question 4

Weaknesses of the Tsar

Answer 4

Influenced by his wife
Cruel
Not confident
Ignorant, never read ministers reports

Question 5

When were the Bolsheviks formed?

Answer 5

1903

Question 6

When did the Tsar try to modernise the economy

Answer 6

1900s

Question 7

When and what were the ‘Fundamental laws’

Answer 7

1906, took away promises in 1905

Question 8

What were strengths of the Tsar pre 1913

Answer 8

Supported by Orthodox Church
Had secret police
Supported by two parties

Question 9

Who was Rasputin

Answer 9

A holy man from Siberia

Question 10

When did Rasputin have an affair with the Tsarina

Answer 10

1915

Question 11

What effect did the First World War have on the soldiers

Answer 11

Humiliating defeats at Tannenberg and Mansurin lakes

1914: 1 million casualties
1916: 8 million casualties

Question 12

What effect did the First World War have on the home front

Answer 12

Industrial materials were short

Factories closed in 1916

Question 13

What were the Tsar’s mistakes in the war

Answer 13

Made himself head of army in 1915
Left Tsarina in charge who was distrusted
Tsarina and Rasputin made many mistakes

Question 14

How was the Tsar abdicated

Answer 14

7th March 1917: general workers strike

12th: troops refused to stop riots and joined in
15th: Tsar abdicated

Question 15

Who was prime minister of provisional government

Answer 15

Kerensky

Question 16

What was order number 1

Answer 16

Army

Question 17

Who was leader of Soviets

Answer 17

Trotsky

Question 18

Why did the provisional government only last 8 months

Answer 18

Had no power
Delayed elections
Continued war
No land reforms

Question 19

When did Lenin return to Russia and gave April thesis

Answer 19

16th march 1917

17th march

Question 20

When and what were the July day protests

Answer 20

16th-19th July 1917: Protests by the Bolsheviks to seize power from provisional government. Put down and Lenin fled

Question 21

What did the Red Guards do on the 7th November

Answer 21

Took railway stations, telegraph, back, winter palace

Question 22

When did Bolsheviks get Moscow

Answer 22

15th November 1917

Question 23

Strengths of the reds

Answer 23

Had control of factories
Portrayed the Whites as capitalist
Supported by peasants
Had railways

Question 24

Weaknesses of whites

Answer 24

Poor leaders
Didn’t communicate
Generals didn’t trust each other
Corrupted

Question 25

How did Lenin consolidate power

Answer 25

Signed Brest-litovsk
Put priority in food
Gave land to peasants

Question 26

What was the treaty of Brest-Litovsk

Answer 26

Signed in March 1918
Lost 27% of farm land
Lost 74% of iron and coal

Question 27

Effects of War Communism

Answer 27

By 1920 workers paid in food
Strict managers in factories
Cheka seized surplus food from peasant

Question 28

What was the Naval Mutiny in march 1921

Answer 28

Felt communism was worse than death

20,000 died

Question 29

What was NEP

Answer 29

Peasants handed over grain as tax, could sell surplus
Traders could buy and sell
Small factories returned to owners
Economy improved
Widened rich and poor gap
Unemployment was still a problem