Trunk Surface Anatomy Flashcards
1
Q
Suprastetnal nothing is at which vetebral level
A
Is at the level of T2
2
Q
Angle of Louis at the vertebral level
A
T5
3
Q
Xyphooid process is at the,level of
A
T9
4
Q
Transpyloric plane of Addison is at the level of which vertebrae
A
Is at the vertebral level of L1
5
Q
Origin of the superior mesentric artrey is at the level of
A
L1 transpyloroc plane of addison
6
Q
L1 transpylroic plane of Addison is the halfway between what an what
What it’s relation with the xyphoid process
A
Tranpylroic plane of Addison is at the halfway between T2 suprasternal notch and the pubis
One hand below the xyphoid process T9
7
Q
What passes under the transpylroic plane of Addison
A
Fundus of the gall bladder
Neck of the pancreas
Dudejujunal flexure
Renal hilum
Tip-off the 9th costal cartilage
8
Q
Termination of the spinal cord is at the level of
A
L1
9
Q
Subcostal plane definition
At the level of
A
Ions that joins the inferior margins of the 10th rib
At the level of L3
10
Q
Bifurcation of the aorta is at the level of
A
L4
11
Q
Iliac crest plane is at the level of
A
L4
12
Q
Termination of the Duran sheath is at the level of
Landmark
A
S2
The line between the two posterior superior iliac spines .
13
Q
The umblicus is at which vertebral level
A
It’s at the vertebral level e variation between l3 and l5
14
Q
Define linea semilunaris
A
It’s the lateral border of the Rectus abdominal muscle
15
Q
McBurney’s point
A
Is 2/3 of the way laterally between the ASIS and the umblicus on the right side
16
Q
Costal margin
A
Is the medial margins formed by the false ribs 7-10
17
Q
Palmars point site dex\scription
A
Lateral 2/3 the way between the line between the umblicus and the intersection point between the misclaviculer line and the 9th costal margin
18
Q
The inferior epigastric vessels enter the Rectus sheath at the level of
A
Arcuate line which is half way between the umblicus and the pubis
19
Q
Termination of the posterior Rectus sheath is at the level of
A
The Arcuate line
20
Q
Linea alba definition
Extend from —— to ———
A
It’s the fusion of the anterior abdominal muscles aponeurosis
Extend from the xyphoid till the pubis
21
Q
Organs that can be palpable in normal adults 5
A
Lower border of the liver
Lower lobe of the right kidney
Cecum
Sigmoid
Aorta
22
Q
Tha paracentesis can be done at two point s mention them
A
At the midline of the linea alba
Lateral to the Mac burneys point
23
Q
Why is paracentesis done lateral to the McBurney’s point
A
To avoid injury of the inferior epigastric vessel
24
Q
The anterior abdominal wall has only ———- fascia
Deep or sf
Composed of what
A
It has only sf
Composed of
Campers fascia fatty layer
Fibrous layer of scar pads fascia
25
The deep fascial layer of the abdominal fascia is continuos blend with deep fascia of t,he upper thigh is the
Continues in the perineum as
Scarpas fascia
Scarpas fascia continues in the perineum as collies fascia
26
Anterior abdominal wall muscles
Rectus abdominal
27
Lateral wall abdominal muscles
External oblique
Internal oblique
Trans versus abdominis
28
Rectus sheat made of how many leafs
Anterior leaf
Posterior leaf
29
Posterior leaf of the Rectus sheath extend from —- to —-
Present only below the costal margins to the Arcuate line
30
Posterior abdominal wall muscles
Diaphragm
Quadratics lumborum
Psoas major ‘
Psoas minor
Iliacus
31
Nerve supply to the anterior abdominal wall
Iliohypogastric nerve
Ilioinguinal nerve
Lower 5 intercostal nerves
T7 -T12
32
Lymph nodes of the anterior abdominal wall below the umblicus
Medial part of the inguinal lymph nodes
33
Lymph nodes of the anterior abdominal wall above the umblicus
Pectoral lymph noedes
Anterior axillary lymph nodes
34
Posterior abdominal wall lymphatic drainage
Below the umblicus —— lateral part of the inguinal lymph nodes
Above the umblicus —- subscapuler lymph nodes . Posterior axillary l.Ns
35
Which umbilical folds cob]vers the epigastric vessels
The lateral umbilical folds
36
Rectus abdominis muscle origin
5-7th costal cartilages
37
Rectus abdominis muscle insertion
Pubic crest
38
Where does the superior epigastric vessels pierc e the Rectus abdominis muscle
At the tendinous intersections found on its surface .
39
How many tendinous intersection does the Rectus abdominis muscle have
How many above the umblicus and how many below
4
3 between the xyphoid and the umblicus
1 below the umblicus
40
External oblique muscle origin
Outer surface of the lower 8 ribs
41
External abdominal muscle insertion point s
1 xyphoid
2 lineal alba
3 pubic crest
Pubic tubercle
Anterior 1/2 of the iliac crest .
4
42
Internal oblique muscle origin
Lumber fascia
Anterior 2/3 of the iliac crest
Lateral 2/3 of the inguinal ligament
43
Internal oblique muscle insertion
Lower 6 costal cartilages
Linea alba
Pubic crest
44
Origin of the transversus abdominis muscles
Lower 6costal cartilages
Lumber fascia
Anterior 2/3 of the iliac crest
Lateral 1/3 of the inguinal ligament
45
Insertion of the transversus abdominis muscle
Linea alba
Pubic crest
46
Which muscles are innervated by the anterior primary rami of T7-T12
External oblique muscle
Internal oblique muscle
Transversus abdominis muscle .
47
Origin of the psoas major muscle
The transverse processes of the lumber vertebrae
48
Insertion of the psoas major muscle
Lesser trochanter of the femur
49
Origin of the psoas minor muscle
Transverse processes of T12 and L1 vertebrae
50
Insertion of the psoas minor muscle
Ileopectineal eminence
51
Iliacus muscle origin
Upper inner 2/3 of the iliac crest
52
Iliacus muscle insertion
At the lateral border of psoas major j]tendon
53
Which muscle of the anterior abdominal wall muscles is innervated by the femoral nerve
The Iliacus muscle
54
Function of the iliacus muscle
Acts as a hip flexor
55
Which one of the abdominal wall muscles is absent in 40% of the people
Psoas minor muscle
56
Which muscle lies on the psoas major muscle
Psoas minor
57
Innervation of the psoas major muscle is by
Anterior primary rami of L1-L2
58
Function of the psoas major muscle
It acts as a hip flexor
59
Mention two muscles of the abdominal wall muscles that acts as a hip felxors
Psoas major muscle and iliacus muscle
60
Pyramidal is muscle is absent in
20% of the peoples
61
Origin of the pyramidal is muscle
Insertion
Symphysis pubis
Pubic crest
Insertion at the lower linea alba
62
The anterior leaf of the Rectus sheath is formed
Above the costal margin by which muscles
By the external oblique
63
The aneterior leaf of the Rectus sheath is formed by 9 between the costal margins and the Arcuate line
External oblique and internal oblique
64
The anterior leaf below the Arcuate line is made by
External oblique , internal oblique , transversus abdominis .
65
Posterior leaf of the Rectus sheath above the costal margin is made by
None
66
Posterior leaf between below the costal margin till the Arcuate line is made by
Internal oblique
Transversus abdominis .
67
Posterior leaf below the Arcuate line is made up of
None
68
Contents of the Rectus sheath
2M
2 V
2N
Pyrimadlis
Rectus abdominis muscle
Sup and inf epigastric vessels
Lower 5th intercostal, subcostal lower 6th thoracic nerves
69
Iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves are parts of the Rectus sheath true or false
False those are not parts of the Rectus sheath
70
Mention another name for the inguinal ligament
It’s the ligament of poupart
71
Extension of the inguinal ligament
From ASIS to the pubic tubercle
72
Inguinal ligament is made from
The aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle .
73
Length of the inguinal canal
3.8 cm
74
Relation of the inguinal canal to the inguinal ligament
Inguinal canal runs ABOVe and parallel to the inguinal ligament
From the deep inguinal ring to the sf ing ring
Or from the internal ing ring to the external inguinal ring .
75
The internal inguinal ring is derived or lies on
The transversal fascia
76
Location of the deep inguinal ring
At the midpoint of the inguinal ligament
1/2 inch above it
77
Relation between the femoral artery and deep inguinal ring
The femoral artrey is 1.26 cm ABOVe the deep inguinal ring .
78
Relation between the deep inguinal ring and the inferior epigastric Vs
The inferior epigastric vs lies MEDIAl to the deep inguinal ring
79
The external ring of]r the sf ring of th inguinal canal shape
Is a v shape
80
The external inguinal ring is a defect at which muscular
Is a defect in the external oblique muscle aponeurosis
81
Location of the inguinal ring sf one
ABoVe and MEDIAl to the pubic tubercle
82
Above of the inguinal canal
Internal oblique and transversus abdominis
83
Floor of the inguinal canal
Inguinal ligament
84
Anterior to the inguinal canal
Skin , fascia , external oblique , internal oblique
85
Posterior to the inguinal canal
Conjoint tendon and transeversalis fascia
86
Conjoint tendon relation to the inguinal canal
Roof and posterior
87
Toughest part of the inguinal canal
Conjoint tendon part
88
Medial + below the inguinal canal
Lacunae ligament
89
Conjoint tendon is made up
Fusion of the aponeurosis of the internal oblique muscle and the transversus abdominis
90
Conjoint tendon insertion is
Pubic crest
Pectineal line .
91
Mention the 3 spermatic cord layers
External spermatic fascia ext on aponeurosis
Cremestaric fascia internal oblique aponeurosis
Internal spermatic fascia transversal is fascia
92
Location of the fascia transversal is
Below the transversus abdomenis
And above the parietal peritoneum .
93
Contents of the inguinal canal
Ilioinguinal nerve
Spermatic cord / round ligament of the uterus
Genital branch of the gentofemoral nerve
94
What structure gives the internal inguinal ring and th e internal spermatic fasicia
Transversal is fascia
95
Structure deep to the inguinal ligament
2 muscles iliacus , psoas major
Femoral artrey femoral vein
Lateral cutaneous nerve , femoral nerve , femoral branch of the genitofemoral nerve
96
Relation between the femoral artrey and the mido]point of inguinal ligament
Lateral to the midpoint of the inguinal ligament
97
So spermatic cord is comprises of 3 structures , 3 arteries , 3 nerves , 3 fascial layers
3 artries , testicular ( branch of the aorta ) , vas ( branch of the inf vesicular ) , cremesteric ( branch of the inferior epigastric artrey
3 nerves ( Ilioinguinal nerve on top of the cot s
Cremesteric nerve branch of the genitofemoral n
Sympathatic
3 other structures
Vas deferns
Pampiniform plexus of veins
Lymphatics
98
Cremesteric artrey is a branch of
The inferior epigastric
99
Cremesteric nerve is a branch of
The genitofemoral nerve
100
The nerve that’s is found on the top of the cord is
Ilioinguinal nerve
101
Base of the sf inguinal ring
Is the lateral 1/2 of the pubic crest
102
Relation between the long saphenous vein and the femoral triangle
Long saphenous vein is anterior
103
Contents of the femoral triangle
104
Borders of the femoral triangle
105
Roof of the femoral triangle is made up of
106
Lateral and medial borders of the femoral triangle
Medially = medial border of the sarotorisus muscle ‘
Laterally = medial border of the adductor Kong is muscle
107
Femoral artery and the saphenous openin. Relation to th egrets saphenous vein
Lateral to it
108
Femoral vessels relation to the pectineous muscle
Anterior to it
109
Femoral vessel pathway is anterior to which muscle in the femoral triangle
Anterior to the pectineous muscle .
110
Femoral sheath is formed form to leaf
Anterior leaf - transversal is fascia
Posterior leaf - iliacus fascia
It’s an extension rom the anterior abdominal wall funnel shapes composed of 3 compartments
111
Femoral sheath components
Femoral artrey along with the fb of the gf nerve in the lateral compartment
Femoral vein in the intermediate compartment
Femoral canal medially
Femoral nerve laterally outside the femoral sheath
112
Shape of the femoral ring location
Oval shapes medial to the femoral sheath
Entrance of the femoral canal
113
Femoral ring is it larger in females or in males
Diameter of the femoral ring
Larger in female s
1.25 cm
114
What are the contents of the femoral ring
Fat
Lymph nodes cluoquet
Drains the grans pubis and the clitoris
115
Femoral ring relations
Anterior inguinal ligament
Posterior pectineous muscle , pectineal fascia coopers ligament
Lateral femoral vein
Medial lacunae ligament
116
Another name for the lacunae ligament
Definition
Gimbernats ligament
It’s a part of the external oblique muscle aponeurosis that is reflected backward and lateral ward
Attached to the pectineal line of the pubis
117
Anterior and posterior margins. Of the lacunar ligament
Anterior margin is attached to the inguinal ligament
Posterior margin is attached to the pectineal ligament
118
Lacunae ligament is it larger in the female or in males
Is larger in males
119
Femoral hernia is more common in females or in males
In females since the diameter of the femoral ring in females is larger
120
Adductor canal another two names
Hunters canal
Subartorial canal
121
Define adductor canal
Site of it
It’s apponeuritic tunnel , intermusculer canal that allow passage of vessels and nerves to the lower part of the leg
It’s is in the medial middle third of the thigh .
122
The adductor canal extends from ———- to ———
From the apex of the femoral triangle to the adductor hiatus
Adductor hiatus is an opening in the adductor magnus
123
Anteriolateral boundary of the adductor canal is made by
Length of the adductor canal is
The vastus medial is
15 cm
124
The posterio medial boundary of the adductor canal is made by
Above and below
Adductor Longus above
Adductor magnus below
125
The roof or medial boundary of the adductor canal
Is a strong fibrous membrane joining the anterolateral and the posteriomedial boundaries of the adductor canal .
Overlies by the sub sartorial plexus of nerves
And overlies by the sartorial muscle
126
What structure lies on the aponeurosis above the adductor canal
Sartorious muscle
127
Contents of the adductor canal
Femoral artrey and vein
Saphenous nerve
Nerve to vastus medial is
Ant an post parts of the Obturator nerve
128
Femoral artrey relation to the femoral vein as a content of the adductor canal
Femoral vein lies posterior to the femoral artrey at the upper part of the adductor canal .
Femoral vein lies lateral to the femoral artrey at the lower part of the adductor canal .
129
Saphenous nerve relation to other contents ( femoral artrey ) in the adductor canal
Saphenous nerve crosses the femoral artrey anterior to the femoral artrey from lateral to medial
130
Femoral artrey continues in popliteal fossa as
It gives branches before leaving the adductor canal called
Continues as the popliteal artrey
Gives saphenous artrey which walks ali]ong with the saphenous nerve
And another muscular branches
131
Revise the whole adductor canal
