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Anatomy > Trunk Surface Anatomy > Flashcards

Trunk Surface Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Suprastetnal nothing is at which vetebral level

A

Is at the level of T2

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2
Q

Angle of Louis at the vertebral level

A

T5

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3
Q

Xyphooid process is at the,level of

A

T9

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4
Q

Transpyloric plane of Addison is at the level of which vertebrae

A

Is at the vertebral level of L1

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5
Q

Origin of the superior mesentric artrey is at the level of

A

L1 transpyloroc plane of addison

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6
Q

L1 transpylroic plane of Addison is the halfway between what an what
What it’s relation with the xyphoid process

A

Tranpylroic plane of Addison is at the halfway between T2 suprasternal notch and the pubis
One hand below the xyphoid process T9

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7
Q

What passes under the transpylroic plane of Addison

A

Fundus of the gall bladder
Neck of the pancreas
Dudejujunal flexure
Renal hilum
Tip-off the 9th costal cartilage

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8
Q

Termination of the spinal cord is at the level of

A

L1

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9
Q

Subcostal plane definition
At the level of

A

Ions that joins the inferior margins of the 10th rib
At the level of L3

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10
Q

Bifurcation of the aorta is at the level of

A

L4

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11
Q

Iliac crest plane is at the level of

A

L4

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12
Q

Termination of the Duran sheath is at the level of
Landmark

A

S2
The line between the two posterior superior iliac spines .

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13
Q

The umblicus is at which vertebral level

A

It’s at the vertebral level e variation between l3 and l5

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14
Q

Define linea semilunaris

A

It’s the lateral border of the Rectus abdominal muscle

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15
Q

McBurney’s point

A

Is 2/3 of the way laterally between the ASIS and the umblicus on the right side

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16
Q

Costal margin

A

Is the medial margins formed by the false ribs 7-10

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17
Q

Palmars point site dex\scription

A

Lateral 2/3 the way between the line between the umblicus and the intersection point between the misclaviculer line and the 9th costal margin

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18
Q

The inferior epigastric vessels enter the Rectus sheath at the level of

A

Arcuate line which is half way between the umblicus and the pubis

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19
Q

Termination of the posterior Rectus sheath is at the level of

A

The Arcuate line

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20
Q

Linea alba definition
Extend from —— to ———

A

It’s the fusion of the anterior abdominal muscles aponeurosis
Extend from the xyphoid till the pubis

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21
Q

Organs that can be palpable in normal adults 5

A

Lower border of the liver
Lower lobe of the right kidney
Cecum
Sigmoid
Aorta

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22
Q

Tha paracentesis can be done at two point s mention them

A

At the midline of the linea alba
Lateral to the Mac burneys point

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23
Q

Why is paracentesis done lateral to the McBurney’s point

A

To avoid injury of the inferior epigastric vessel

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24
Q

The anterior abdominal wall has only ———- fascia
Deep or sf
Composed of what

A

It has only sf
Composed of
Campers fascia fatty layer
Fibrous layer of scar pads fascia

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25
Q

The deep fascial layer of the abdominal fascia is continuos blend with deep fascia of t,he upper thigh is the
Continues in the perineum as

A

Scarpas fascia
Scarpas fascia continues in the perineum as collies fascia

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26
Q

Anterior abdominal wall muscles

A

Rectus abdominal

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27
Q

Lateral wall abdominal muscles

A

External oblique
Internal oblique
Trans versus abdominis

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28
Q

Rectus sheat made of how many leafs

A

Anterior leaf
Posterior leaf

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29
Q

Posterior leaf of the Rectus sheath extend from —- to —-

A

Present only below the costal margins to the Arcuate line

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30
Q

Posterior abdominal wall muscles

A

Diaphragm
Quadratics lumborum
Psoas major ‘
Psoas minor
Iliacus

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31
Q

Nerve supply to the anterior abdominal wall

A

Iliohypogastric nerve
Ilioinguinal nerve
Lower 5 intercostal nerves
T7 -T12

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32
Q

Lymph nodes of the anterior abdominal wall below the umblicus

A

Medial part of the inguinal lymph nodes

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33
Q

Lymph nodes of the anterior abdominal wall above the umblicus

A

Pectoral lymph noedes
Anterior axillary lymph nodes

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34
Q

Posterior abdominal wall lymphatic drainage

A

Below the umblicus —— lateral part of the inguinal lymph nodes
Above the umblicus —- subscapuler lymph nodes . Posterior axillary l.Ns

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35
Q

Which umbilical folds cob]vers the epigastric vessels

A

The lateral umbilical folds

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36
Q

Rectus abdominis muscle origin

A

5-7th costal cartilages

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37
Q

Rectus abdominis muscle insertion

A

Pubic crest

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38
Q

Where does the superior epigastric vessels pierc e the Rectus abdominis muscle

A

At the tendinous intersections found on its surface .

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39
Q

How many tendinous intersection does the Rectus abdominis muscle have
How many above the umblicus and how many below

A

4
3 between the xyphoid and the umblicus
1 below the umblicus

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40
Q

External oblique muscle origin

A

Outer surface of the lower 8 ribs

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41
Q

External abdominal muscle insertion point s

A

1 xyphoid
2 lineal alba
3 pubic crest
Pubic tubercle
Anterior 1/2 of the iliac crest .
4

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42
Q

Internal oblique muscle origin

A

Lumber fascia
Anterior 2/3 of the iliac crest
Lateral 2/3 of the inguinal ligament

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43
Q

Internal oblique muscle insertion

A

Lower 6 costal cartilages
Linea alba
Pubic crest

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44
Q

Origin of the transversus abdominis muscles

A

Lower 6costal cartilages
Lumber fascia
Anterior 2/3 of the iliac crest
Lateral 1/3 of the inguinal ligament

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45
Q

Insertion of the transversus abdominis muscle

A

Linea alba
Pubic crest

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46
Q

Which muscles are innervated by the anterior primary rami of T7-T12

A

External oblique muscle
Internal oblique muscle
Transversus abdominis muscle .

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47
Q

Origin of the psoas major muscle

A

The transverse processes of the lumber vertebrae

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48
Q

Insertion of the psoas major muscle

A

Lesser trochanter of the femur

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49
Q

Origin of the psoas minor muscle

A

Transverse processes of T12 and L1 vertebrae

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50
Q

Insertion of the psoas minor muscle

A

Ileopectineal eminence

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51
Q

Iliacus muscle origin

A

Upper inner 2/3 of the iliac crest

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52
Q

Iliacus muscle insertion

A

At the lateral border of psoas major j]tendon

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53
Q

Which muscle of the anterior abdominal wall muscles is innervated by the femoral nerve

A

The Iliacus muscle

54
Q

Function of the iliacus muscle

A

Acts as a hip flexor

55
Q

Which one of the abdominal wall muscles is absent in 40% of the people

A

Psoas minor muscle

56
Q

Which muscle lies on the psoas major muscle

A

Psoas minor

57
Q

Innervation of the psoas major muscle is by

A

Anterior primary rami of L1-L2

58
Q

Function of the psoas major muscle

A

It acts as a hip flexor

59
Q

Mention two muscles of the abdominal wall muscles that acts as a hip felxors

A

Psoas major muscle and iliacus muscle

60
Q

Pyramidal is muscle is absent in

A

20% of the peoples

61
Q

Origin of the pyramidal is muscle
Insertion

A

Symphysis pubis
Pubic crest
Insertion at the lower linea alba

62
Q

The anterior leaf of the Rectus sheath is formed
Above the costal margin by which muscles

A

By the external oblique

63
Q

The aneterior leaf of the Rectus sheath is formed by 9 between the costal margins and the Arcuate line

A

External oblique and internal oblique

64
Q

The anterior leaf below the Arcuate line is made by

A

External oblique , internal oblique , transversus abdominis .

65
Q

Posterior leaf of the Rectus sheath above the costal margin is made by

A

None

66
Q

Posterior leaf between below the costal margin till the Arcuate line is made by

A

Internal oblique
Transversus abdominis .

67
Q

Posterior leaf below the Arcuate line is made up of

A

None

68
Q

Contents of the Rectus sheath
2M
2 V
2N

A

Pyrimadlis
Rectus abdominis muscle
Sup and inf epigastric vessels
Lower 5th intercostal, subcostal lower 6th thoracic nerves

69
Q

Iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves are parts of the Rectus sheath true or false

A

False those are not parts of the Rectus sheath

70
Q

Mention another name for the inguinal ligament

A

It’s the ligament of poupart

71
Q

Extension of the inguinal ligament

A

From ASIS to the pubic tubercle

72
Q

Inguinal ligament is made from

A

The aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle .

73
Q

Length of the inguinal canal

A

3.8 cm

74
Q

Relation of the inguinal canal to the inguinal ligament

A

Inguinal canal runs ABOVe and parallel to the inguinal ligament
From the deep inguinal ring to the sf ing ring
Or from the internal ing ring to the external inguinal ring .

75
Q

The internal inguinal ring is derived or lies on

A

The transversal fascia

76
Q

Location of the deep inguinal ring

A

At the midpoint of the inguinal ligament
1/2 inch above it

77
Q

Relation between the femoral artery and deep inguinal ring

A

The femoral artrey is 1.26 cm ABOVe the deep inguinal ring .

78
Q

Relation between the deep inguinal ring and the inferior epigastric Vs

A

The inferior epigastric vs lies MEDIAl to the deep inguinal ring

79
Q

The external ring of]r the sf ring of th inguinal canal shape

A

Is a v shape

80
Q

The external inguinal ring is a defect at which muscular

A

Is a defect in the external oblique muscle aponeurosis

81
Q

Location of the inguinal ring sf one

A

ABoVe and MEDIAl to the pubic tubercle

82
Q

Above of the inguinal canal

A

Internal oblique and transversus abdominis

83
Q

Floor of the inguinal canal

A

Inguinal ligament

84
Q

Anterior to the inguinal canal

A

Skin , fascia , external oblique , internal oblique

85
Q

Posterior to the inguinal canal

A

Conjoint tendon and transeversalis fascia

86
Q

Conjoint tendon relation to the inguinal canal

A

Roof and posterior

87
Q

Toughest part of the inguinal canal

A

Conjoint tendon part

88
Q

Medial + below the inguinal canal

A

Lacunae ligament

89
Q

Conjoint tendon is made up

A

Fusion of the aponeurosis of the internal oblique muscle and the transversus abdominis

90
Q

Conjoint tendon insertion is

A

Pubic crest
Pectineal line .

91
Q

Mention the 3 spermatic cord layers

A

External spermatic fascia ext on aponeurosis

Cremestaric fascia internal oblique aponeurosis
Internal spermatic fascia transversal is fascia

92
Q

Location of the fascia transversal is

A

Below the transversus abdomenis
And above the parietal peritoneum .

93
Q

Contents of the inguinal canal

A

Ilioinguinal nerve
Spermatic cord / round ligament of the uterus
Genital branch of the gentofemoral nerve

94
Q

What structure gives the internal inguinal ring and th e internal spermatic fasicia

A

Transversal is fascia

95
Q

Structure deep to the inguinal ligament

A

2 muscles iliacus , psoas major
Femoral artrey femoral vein
Lateral cutaneous nerve , femoral nerve , femoral branch of the genitofemoral nerve

96
Q

Relation between the femoral artrey and the mido]point of inguinal ligament

A

Lateral to the midpoint of the inguinal ligament

97
Q

So spermatic cord is comprises of 3 structures , 3 arteries , 3 nerves , 3 fascial layers

A

3 artries , testicular ( branch of the aorta ) , vas ( branch of the inf vesicular ) , cremesteric ( branch of the inferior epigastric artrey
3 nerves ( Ilioinguinal nerve on top of the cot s
Cremesteric nerve branch of the genitofemoral n
Sympathatic
3 other structures
Vas deferns
Pampiniform plexus of veins
Lymphatics

98
Q

Cremesteric artrey is a branch of

A

The inferior epigastric

99
Q

Cremesteric nerve is a branch of

A

The genitofemoral nerve

100
Q

The nerve that’s is found on the top of the cord is

A

Ilioinguinal nerve

101
Q

Base of the sf inguinal ring

A

Is the lateral 1/2 of the pubic crest

102
Q

Relation between the long saphenous vein and the femoral triangle

A

Long saphenous vein is anterior

103
Q

Contents of the femoral triangle

A
104
Q

Borders of the femoral triangle

A
105
Q

Roof of the femoral triangle is made up of

A
106
Q

Lateral and medial borders of the femoral triangle

A

Medially = medial border of the sarotorisus muscle ‘
Laterally = medial border of the adductor Kong is muscle

107
Q

Femoral artery and the saphenous openin. Relation to th egrets saphenous vein

A

Lateral to it

108
Q

Femoral vessels relation to the pectineous muscle

A

Anterior to it

109
Q

Femoral vessel pathway is anterior to which muscle in the femoral triangle

A

Anterior to the pectineous muscle .

110
Q

Femoral sheath is formed form to leaf

A

Anterior leaf - transversal is fascia
Posterior leaf - iliacus fascia
It’s an extension rom the anterior abdominal wall funnel shapes composed of 3 compartments

111
Q

Femoral sheath components

A

Femoral artrey along with the fb of the gf nerve in the lateral compartment
Femoral vein in the intermediate compartment
Femoral canal medially
Femoral nerve laterally outside the femoral sheath

112
Q

Shape of the femoral ring location

A

Oval shapes medial to the femoral sheath
Entrance of the femoral canal

113
Q

Femoral ring is it larger in females or in males
Diameter of the femoral ring

A

Larger in female s
1.25 cm

114
Q

What are the contents of the femoral ring

A

Fat
Lymph nodes cluoquet
Drains the grans pubis and the clitoris

115
Q

Femoral ring relations

A

Anterior inguinal ligament
Posterior pectineous muscle , pectineal fascia coopers ligament
Lateral femoral vein
Medial lacunae ligament

116
Q

Another name for the lacunae ligament
Definition

A

Gimbernats ligament
It’s a part of the external oblique muscle aponeurosis that is reflected backward and lateral ward
Attached to the pectineal line of the pubis

117
Q

Anterior and posterior margins. Of the lacunar ligament

A

Anterior margin is attached to the inguinal ligament
Posterior margin is attached to the pectineal ligament

118
Q

Lacunae ligament is it larger in the female or in males

A

Is larger in males

119
Q

Femoral hernia is more common in females or in males

A

In females since the diameter of the femoral ring in females is larger

120
Q

Adductor canal another two names

A

Hunters canal
Subartorial canal

121
Q

Define adductor canal
Site of it

A

It’s apponeuritic tunnel , intermusculer canal that allow passage of vessels and nerves to the lower part of the leg
It’s is in the medial middle third of the thigh .

122
Q

The adductor canal extends from ———- to ———

A

From the apex of the femoral triangle to the adductor hiatus
Adductor hiatus is an opening in the adductor magnus

123
Q

Anteriolateral boundary of the adductor canal is made by
Length of the adductor canal is

A

The vastus medial is
15 cm

124
Q

The posterio medial boundary of the adductor canal is made by
Above and below

A

Adductor Longus above
Adductor magnus below

125
Q

The roof or medial boundary of the adductor canal

A

Is a strong fibrous membrane joining the anterolateral and the posteriomedial boundaries of the adductor canal .
Overlies by the sub sartorial plexus of nerves
And overlies by the sartorial muscle

126
Q

What structure lies on the aponeurosis above the adductor canal

A

Sartorious muscle

127
Q

Contents of the adductor canal

A

Femoral artrey and vein
Saphenous nerve
Nerve to vastus medial is
Ant an post parts of the Obturator nerve

128
Q

Femoral artrey relation to the femoral vein as a content of the adductor canal

A

Femoral vein lies posterior to the femoral artrey at the upper part of the adductor canal .
Femoral vein lies lateral to the femoral artrey at the lower part of the adductor canal .

129
Q

Saphenous nerve relation to other contents ( femoral artrey ) in the adductor canal

A

Saphenous nerve crosses the femoral artrey anterior to the femoral artrey from lateral to medial

130
Q

Femoral artrey continues in popliteal fossa as
It gives branches before leaving the adductor canal called

A

Continues as the popliteal artrey
Gives saphenous artrey which walks ali]ong with the saphenous nerve
And another muscular branches

131
Q

Revise the whole adductor canal

A

Anatomy (4 decks)

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