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Anatomy: Trunk > Trunk Muscle Table > Flashcards

Trunk Muscle Table Flashcards

1
Q

Platysma

A

O: Skin over edge of mandible
I: Skin over clavicles
I: Facial Nerve (CN VII)
A: Tenses skin on neck

*Superficial layer. Runs from mouth and mandible to 2nd rib. Attaches to fascia and skin

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2
Q

Orbicularis Oris

A

I: Facial n. (CN VII)
A: Purses Lips

*Superficial Layer

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3
Q

Orbicularis Oculi

A

I: Facial n. (CN VII)
A: Closes eyelids
*Superficial layer

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4
Q

Zygomaticus Major & Minor

A

I: Facial n. (CN VII)
A: Smiling
*Superficial layer

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5
Q

Levator Labii Superioris

A

I: Facial n. (CN VII)
A: Elevates upper lip
*Superficial layer

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6
Q

Risorius

A

I: Facial n. (CN VII)
A: Smiling
*Superficial layer

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7
Q

Depressor Anguli Oris

A

I: Facial n. (CN VII)
A: Depresses angle of mouth
*Superficial layer

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8
Q

Levator Anguli Oris

A

I: Facial n. (CN VII)
A: Lifts angle of mouth
*Deep Layer

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9
Q

Depressor Labii Inferioris

A

I: Facial n. (CN VII)
A: Depresses lower lip
*Deep layer

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10
Q

Mentalis

A

I: Facial n. (CN VII)
A: Wrinkles chin, protrudes lower lip
*Deep layer

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11
Q

Buccinator

A

I: Facial n. (CN VII)
A: Sucking, whistling
*Deep layer

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12
Q

Superior, Anterior, and Posterior Auricular Muscles

A

I: Facial n. (CN VII)
A: Wiggle ears

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13
Q

Frontalis

A

I: Facial n. (CN VII)
A: (1) Elevates eyebrows, (2) Wrinkles forehead

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14
Q

Occipitalils

A

I: Facial n. (CN VII)
A: Pulls scalp back

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15
Q

Longus Capitis

A

O: Transverse processes of mid-cervical vertabrae
I: Occipital bone
I: Segmental cervical ventral rami
A: Flexes head and neck

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16
Q

Longus Colli

A

O: (1) Vertical portion: Lower cervical vertebrae, (2) Upper oblique portion: upper cervical bodies, (3) Lower oblique portion: lower cervical bodies

I: (1) Vertical portion: Upper cervical vertebrae, (2) Upper oblique portion: Mid-cervical transverse processes, (3) Lower oblique portion: Mid-cervical transverse processes

I: Segmental ventral rami
A: Flexlels neck

*Fibers of vertical and lower oblique portions run upward. Fibers of upper oblique portion run downward

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17
Q

Rectus Capitis Anterior

A

O: Atlas
I: Occipital bone
I: Ventral rami C1, C2
A: Flexes head

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18
Q

Rectus Capitis Lateralis

A

O: Atlas
I: Occipital bone
I: Ventral rami C1, C2
A: Lateral flexion of head

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19
Q

Anterior Scalane

A

O: Transverse processes of mid-cervical vertebrae
I: 1st rib
I: Ventral rami of cervical nerves
A: (1) Raises 1st rib, (2) Laterally flexes neck

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20
Q

Middle Scalene

A

O: All cervical transverse processes
I: 1st rib
I: Ventral rami of cervical nerves
A: (1) Raises first rib, (2) Laterally flexes neck

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21
Q

Posterior Scalene

A

O: Transverse processes of mid-cervical vertebrae
I: 2nd rib
I: Ventral rami of cervical nerves
A: (1) Raises 2nd rib, (2) Laterally flexes neck

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22
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

O: (1) Manubrium, (2) Medial 1/3 of clavicle
I: Mastoid process
I: Accessory nerve (CN XI)
A: (1) Flexes neck, (2) Rotates head to opposite side

23
Q

Digastric

A

O: (1) Posterior belly: Mastoid process, (2) Anterior belly: Inner mandible just lateral to midline.
I: Hyoid bone
I: (1) Posterior belly: facial nerve (CN VII), (2) Anterior belly: trigeminal nerve (CN V3)
A: (1) Moves hyoid superiorly and posteriorly in swallowing, (2) opens jaw against resistance

24
Q

Omohyoid

A

O: (1) Inferior belly: superior margin of scapula, (2) Superior belly: Hyoid
I: Intermediate tendon attaches to posterior clavicle and 1st rib by fascial slig
I: Branches of ansa cervicalis
A: Strap muscles as a group depress larynx, hyoid bone, and floor of mouth during swallowing
*Strap muscle

25
Q

Sternohyoid

A 
O: Manubrium
I: Hyoid bone
I: Branches of ansa cervicalis
A: Strap muscles as a group depress larynx, hyoid bone, and floor of mouth during swallowing
*Strap muscle
26
Q

Sternothyroid

A 
O: Manubrium
I: Thyroid cartilage
I: Branches of ansa cervicalis
A: Strap muscles as a group depress larynx, hyoid bone, and floor of mouth during swallowing
*Strap muscle
27
Q

Thyrohyoid

A

O: Thyroid cartilage
I: Hyoid bone
I: C1 fibers that run with hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
A: Strap muscles as a group depress larynx, hyoid bone, and floor of mouth during swallowing
*Strap muscle

28
Q

Masseter

A

O: Zygomatic arch
I: Ramus of mandible
I: Mandibular divison of CN V (V3)
A: (1) Closes mandible, (2) Protracts mandible, (3) Deep fibers retract mandible

29
Q

Temporalis

A

O: Temporal fossa
I: Coronoid process of mandible
I: Mandibular division of CN V (V3)
A: (1) Closes mandible, (2) Retracts mandible, (3) Abduct towards side of abduction

30
Q

Lateral Pterygoid

A

O: Lateral pterygoid plate (lateral surface)
I: (1) Neck of mandible, (2) TM Joint capsule, (3) Articular disc
I: Mandibular division of CN V (V3)
A: (1) Opens mandible, (2) Protracts mandible, (3) Protracts during abduction (opposite side of abduction)

31
Q

Medial Pterygoid

A

O: Lateral pterygoid plate (medial surface)
I: Ramus of mandible, inner surface
I: Mandibular division of CN V (V3)
A: Closes mandible

32
Q

External intercostals

A

O: Inferior border of upper rib
I: Superior border of lower rib
I: Intercostal nerves
A: Elevates ribs for inhalation

  • Runs between adjacent ribs from the tubercle of the rib as far forward as costochondral junction
  • Anteriorly, external intercostal membrane continues to sternum
  • Fibers run downward and forward
33
Q

Internal Intercostals

A

O: Inferior border of upper rib
I: Superior border of lower rib
I: Intercostal nerves
A: Depresses ribs for exhalation

  • Fibers run downward and backward
  • Run from costal angle to sternum (incomplete posteriorly)
  • Continues posteriorly as the internal intercostal membrane
34
Q

Innermost Intercostals

A

O: Superior border of lower rib
I: Inferior border of upper rib
I: Intercostal nerves
A: NONE

  • Less developed than the external and internal intercostals
  • Runs in same direction as internal intercostals (downward and backward)
  • Found only in the middle section of the intercostal space (Costal angle to costochondral junction)
  • Nerves and vessels run between innermost and internal intercostal
35
Q

Subcostal

A

O: Posterior rib
I: Posterior rib
I: Intercostal nerves

A: None

  • On inner surface of posterior thorax
  • Fibers cross 2 or 3 ribs
36
Q

Transversus Thoracis

A

O: Sternum
I: Costal cartilage
I: Intercostal nerves
A: Maintains thoracic wall during inspiration

  • On inner surface of anterior thorax
  • Fibers cross 2 or 3 ribs
  • Helps to secure blood vessels
37
Q

External Abdominal Oblique

A

O: Slips from lower 8 ribs
I: (1) Aponeurosis fuses at linea alba (continues to rectus sheath), (2) Iliac crest, (3) ASIS, (4) Pubic tubercle, (5) Pubic crest, (6) Pubic symphysis
I: Segmental innervation by T7-T12 or L1
A: Same as Internal Abdominal Oblique and Transversus Abdominus & Rectus Abdominus: (1) Add strength to abdominal wall because of various fiber directions, (2) Protection of abdominal contents, (3) Hold in abdominal contents, (4) Support posture - lumbar stabilization especially via transverses abdominus and attachment to thoracolumbar fascia, (5) Forced expiration, (6) Bowel movement - muscles compress abdominal contents, (7) Movement of trunk: (A) Simple flexion: all muscles involved, especially rectus abdominus, (B) Pelvic tilts, (C) Oblique flexion or rotation: internal oblique on one side and external oblique on other side work together

  • Interdigitates with serratus anterior
  • Fibers run medially and downward
  • Lower free edge forms inguinal ligament (ASIS to pubic tubercle)
38
Q

Internal Abdominal Oblique

A

O: (1) Thoracolumbar fascia, (2) Iliac Crest
I: (1) Lower 3 or 4 ribs and costal cartilages, (2) Linea alba
I: Segmental innervation by T7-T12 or L1
A: SAME as External Abdominal Oblique, Transversus Abdominus & Rectus Abdominus: (1) Add strength to abdominal wall because of various fiber directions, (2) Protection of abdominal contents, (3) Hold in abdominal contents, (4) Support posture - lumbar stabilization especially via transverses abdominus and attachment to thoracolumbar fascia, (5) Forced expiration, (6) Bowel movement - muscles compress abdominal contents, (7) Movement of trunk: (A) Simple flexion: all muscles involved, especially rectus abdominus, (B) Pelvic tilts, (C) Oblique flexion or rotation: internal oblique on one side and external oblique on other side work together

*Fibers run medially and upward

39
Q

Transversus Abdominus

A

O: (1) Thoracolumbar fascia, (2) Inner surface of costal cartilages, (3) Iliac crest
I: Linea alba
I: Segmental innervation by T7-T12 or L1
A: Same as Internal & External Abdominal Obliques & Rectus Abdominus: (1) Add strength to abdominal wall because of various fiber directions, (2) Protection of abdominal contents, (3) Hold in abdominal contents, (4) Support posture - lumbar stabilization especially via transverses abdominus and attachment to thoracolumbar fascia, (5) Forced expiration, (6) Bowel movement - muscles compress abdominal contents, (7) Movement of trunk: (A) Simple flexion: all muscles involved, especially rectus abdominus, (B) Pelvic tilts, (C) Oblique flexion or rotation: internal oblique on one side and external oblique on other side work together

*Fibers run horizontally

40
Q

Rectus Abdominus

A

O: (1) Xiphoid process, (2) Costal cartilages of ribs 5-7
I: (1) Pubic crest, (2) Pubic tubercle
I: Segmental innervation by T7-T12 or L1
A: Same as EAO, IAO, and Transversus Abdominus: (1) Add strength to abdominal wall because of various fiber directions, (2) Protection of abdominal contents, (3) Hold in abdominal contents, (4) Support posture - lumbar stabilization especially via transverses abdominus and attachment to thoracolumbar fascia, (5) Forced expiration, (6) Bowel movement - muscles compress abdominal contents, (7) Movement of trunk: (A) Simple flexion: all muscles involved, especially rectus abdominus, (B) Pelvic tilts, (C) Oblique flexion or rotation: internal oblique on one side and external oblique on other side work together

*Fibers run vertically

41
Q

Splenius Cervicis

A

O: Spinous processes T3-T6
I: Transverse processes C1-C3
I: Dorsal rami
A: (1) Extends neck (bilateral contraction), (2) Rotates head to same side (unilateral contraction)

42
Q

Splenius Capitis

A

O: (1) Spinous processes C7-T4, (2) Ligamentum nuchae
I: (1) Mastoid process, (2) Lateral part of superior nuchal line
I: Dorsal rami
A: (1) Extends neck (bilateral contraction), (2) Rotates head to same side (unilateral contraction)

43
Q

Erector Spinae Iliocostalis:
(A) Lumborum
(B) Thoracis
(C) Cervicis

A

O:
(A)Lumborum (common origin): (1) Iliac Crest, (2) Sacrum, (3) Spinous processes of T11-T12, (4) Lumbar vertebrae.
(B) Thoracis: Lower ribs
(C) Cervicis: Upper ribs

I: (A) Lumborum: lower ribs
(B) Thoracis: upper ribs insertion
(C) Cervicis: cervical transverse processes

I: Dorsal rami
A: (1) Extends back (bilateral contraction, (2) Lateral flexion of trunk (unilateral contraction), (3) Controls flexion eccentrically against gravity

*Most lateral portion of erector spinae

44
Q

Erector Spinae Longissimus:
(A) Thoracis
(B) Cervicis
(C) Capitis

A

O:
(A) Thoracis (common origin): (1) Iliac Crest, (2) Sacrum, (3) Spinous processes of T11-T12, (4) Lumbar vertebrae.
(B) Cervicis: Upper 4-6 thoracic transverse processes
(C) Capitis: Upper cervical transverse processes

I: (A) Thoracis: Lateral ribs and thoracic transverse processes
(B) Cervicis: cervical 2-6 processes
(C) Capitis: mastoid process

I: Dorsal rami
A: (1) Extends back (bilateral contraction, (2) Lateral flexion of trunk (unilateral contraction), (3) Controls flexion eccentrically against gravity

*Intermediate portion of erector spinae

45
Q

Erector Spinae Spinalis

A

O: Lower thoracic spinous processes
I: Upper thoracic spinous processes
I: Dorsal Rami
A: (1) Extends back (bilateral contraction, (2) Lateral flexion of trunk (unilateral contraction), (3) Controls flexion eccentrically against gravity

*Only well-developed in thoracic region

46
Q

Semispinalis:
(A) Thoracis
(B) Cervicis
(C) Capitis

A

O:
(A & B) Thoracis and Cervicis: Transverse processes at appropriate level
(C) Capitis: Lower cervical transverse processes

I: (A&B) Thoracis and Cervicis: Spinous processes at appropriate level
(C) Capitis: Space between superior and inferior nuchal lines

I: Dorsal Rami
A: Rotation to the opposite side

  • Transversospinalis muscles
  • Well-developed in cervical area, not seen in lumbar area
  • Lie deep to and are shorter than erector spinae fibers
  • Thoracic and cervicis fibers cross 4-6 segments
  • Thoracis and cervicis run upward from lateral to medial (transverse process to spinous process)
  • Capitis fibers run vertically
47
Q

Multifidus

A

O: Transverse processes
I: Spinous processes
I: Dorsal rami
A: Rotation to opposite side

  • Transversospinalis muscles
  • Lie deep to and are shorter than erector spinae fibers
  • Cross 2-4 segments up to C2
  • Well-developed in lumbar region and easily seen there b/c there is no semispinalis in lumbar
  • Run upward from lateral to medial (transverse process to spinous process)
48
Q

Rotators

A

O: Transverse processes
I: Spinous processes
I: Dorsal rami
A: Rotation to opposite side

  • Transversospinalis muscles
  • Lie deep to and are shorter than erector spinae fibers
  • Cross 1 (short) to 2 (long) segments
  • Run upward from lateral to medial (transverse process to spinous process)
49
Q

Segmental muscles:
(A) Interspinales
(B) Intertransversarii

A

O: Across adjacent vertebrae on either transverse process or deep
I: NONE
I: Dorsal rami
A: Extends from one vertebra to the next

  • Only found in cervical and lumbar regions
  • Will NOT see in lab
50
Q

Obliquus Capitis Inferior

A

O: Spinous process of axis
I: Transverse process of atlas
I: Suboccipital nerve (C1)
A: Rotates atlas and head to same side

  • Suboccipital muscles
  • Connect atlas and axis to each other and to the skull
51
Q

Obliquus Capitis Superior

A

O: Transverse process of atlas
I: Near inferior nuchal line
I: Suboccipital nerve (C1)
A: (1) Extends neck (bilateral contraction), (2) Lateral flexion of neck (unilateral contraction)

  • Suboccipital muscles
  • Connect atlas and axis to each other and to the skull
52
Q

Rectus Capitis Posterior Major

A

O: Spinous process of axis
I: Inferior nuchal line under middle
I: Suboccipital nerve (C1)
A: Extends neck (bilateral contraction)

  • Suboccipital muscles
  • Connect atlas and axis to each other and to the skull
53
Q

Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor

A

O: Posterior tubercle of atlas
I: Partially under cover of Rectus Capitis Posterior Major near inferior nuchal line
I: Suboccipital nerve (C1)
Extends neck (bilateral contraction)

  • Suboccipital muscles
  • Connect atlas and axis to each other and to the skull

Anatomy: Trunk (3 decks)

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