Truman Doctrine / Detente Flashcards
When was the truman doctrine appointed
March 12 1947
What was the causes of the truman doctrine
The West was becoming increasingly worried about the swelling of power in the soviet union. America was also worried that many people would see communism as a better way of life so his doctrine would “roll back communism” and contain it to the east of europe. This in turn introduced the term spheres of influence.
Who did truman have to ask to get permission for his Doctrine
Congress
Which was the only country in the eastern bloc that was not run by a communist government.
Greece
Who was responsible for the marshall plan
General George Marshall
What made him want to give aid to europe
In 1947 George went and visited europe . There he saw the damage that it had taken in world war 2 and was worried of the risk of the people wanting to turn communist . So he spoke with truman and Congress. After one year they decided to allow George to go ahead with his idea
Why were congress hesitant
They were worried of the sheer money that they would lose
What did the marshall plan entail
The U.S government pumped 17 billion dollars into europe . It rejuvenated there economy making it more efficient. Due to the money Europe managed to increase the amount of livestock they had after rationing the rest of their food after ww2 . Were given a new and more reliable transport system and were given more health care and an increase of medicines as well.
What was the money used for in more detail
Facts and figures
70% of the money was used to by commodities from U.S suppliers , 3.5 billion was spent on raw materials. 3.2 billion on food, feed , fertilizer. 1.9 billion on machinery and vehicles. 1.6 billion on fuel.
When was the marshall plan
April 3rd 1948
Who forbade it
PAPA STALIN
what did stalin call the marshall plan
Dollar imperialism
What was cominform
Cominform or communist information bureau . Its main purpose was to give communist influence to all satellite states. Many countries actually protested against the marshall plan on Stalins orders.
What were cominforms members
There were 9
Bulgaria czechoslovakia hungary poland romania italy france yugoslavia and the soviet union
What was comecon
A response to the marshall plan. Stalin made all Communist run countries establish trading with one an other making them specialize in one thing . This meant that if one of them wanted to revolt they would not have the sufficient supplies
When was comecon established
25th Jan 1949
How long were each states plan in comecon
5 years
What do you call it when all of the countries relied on one an other
Rationalization
When was the Berlin blockade
24 th june 1948
12 may 1949
What were Stalins reasons to block up berlin
He didnt want a divided Germany
He felt pressured because 3 out of the 4 sections had merged .”teaming up on him”
Trizonia had its own currency called Deutschmark .
He believes that they are trying to make a divide between the country so Stalin goes and makes a physical one.
Other reasons for Blockade
Marshall aid made USSR look weak
Berlin was in the Eastern sphere of influence
He did not want the west to see soviet activities
Features of Berlin blockade
Stalin stopped railways blocked roads and blockaded trizonia off from the rest of West berlin
Stopped anyone leaving or entering
Features of the Berlin airlifts
Berlin Blockade lasted 318 days
During this time 275000 flights transported 1.5 million tons of supplies
4000 tons everyday
Planes landed every 3 mins at Templhof airport
America would stop Stalin from shooting down planes by placing B-29 Bombers in Britain capable of Nuking eastern europe very quickly.
Stalin would distract US planes by flying USSR planes right next to them
Also used barrage balloons
Features of the Berlin crisis
Tension between relations got a lot worse
Germany split up into the Federal republic of germany(west) and German democratic republic(east)
Led to the creation of Nato and then the Warsaw pact
American propaganda success.
