Truman Doctrine / Detente

Question 1

When was the truman doctrine appointed

Answer 1

March 12 1947

Question 2

What was the causes of the truman doctrine

Answer 2

The West was becoming increasingly worried about the swelling of power in the soviet union. America was also worried that many people would see communism as a better way of life so his doctrine would “roll back communism” and contain it to the east of europe. This in turn introduced the term spheres of influence.

Question 3

Who did truman have to ask to get permission for his Doctrine

Answer 3

Congress

Question 4

Which was the only country in the eastern bloc that was not run by a communist government.

Answer 4

Greece

Question 5

Who was responsible for the marshall plan

Answer 5

General George Marshall

Question 6

What made him want to give aid to europe

Answer 6

In 1947 George went and visited europe . There he saw the damage that it had taken in world war 2 and was worried of the risk of the people wanting to turn communist . So he spoke with truman and Congress. After one year they decided to allow George to go ahead with his idea

Question 7

Why were congress hesitant

Answer 7

They were worried of the sheer money that they would lose

Question 8

What did the marshall plan entail

Answer 8

The U.S government pumped 17 billion dollars into europe . It rejuvenated there economy making it more efficient. Due to the money Europe managed to increase the amount of livestock they had after rationing the rest of their food after ww2 . Were given a new and more reliable transport system and were given more health care and an increase of medicines as well.

Question 9

What was the money used for in more detail

Facts and figures

Answer 9

70% of the money was used to by commodities from U.S suppliers , 3.5 billion was spent on raw materials. 3.2 billion on food, feed , fertilizer. 1.9 billion on machinery and vehicles. 1.6 billion on fuel.

Question 10

When was the marshall plan

Answer 10

April 3rd 1948

Question 11

Who forbade it

Answer 11

PAPA STALIN

Question 12

what did stalin call the marshall plan

Answer 12

Dollar imperialism

Question 13

What was cominform

Answer 13

Cominform or communist information bureau . Its main purpose was to give communist influence to all satellite states. Many countries actually protested against the marshall plan on Stalins orders.

Question 14

What were cominforms members

Answer 14

There were 9

Bulgaria czechoslovakia hungary poland romania italy france yugoslavia and the soviet union

Question 15

What was comecon

Answer 15

A response to the marshall plan. Stalin made all Communist run countries establish trading with one an other making them specialize in one thing . This meant that if one of them wanted to revolt they would not have the sufficient supplies

Question 16

When was comecon established

Answer 16

25th Jan 1949

Question 17

How long were each states plan in comecon

Answer 17

5 years

Question 18

What do you call it when all of the countries relied on one an other

Answer 18

Rationalization

Question 19

When was the Berlin blockade

Answer 19

24 th june 1948

12 may 1949

Question 20

What were Stalins reasons to block up berlin

Answer 20

He didnt want a divided Germany
He felt pressured because 3 out of the 4 sections had merged .”teaming up on him”
Trizonia had its own currency called Deutschmark .
He believes that they are trying to make a divide between the country so Stalin goes and makes a physical one.

Question 21

Other reasons for Blockade

Answer 21

Marshall aid made USSR look weak
Berlin was in the Eastern sphere of influence
He did not want the west to see soviet activities

Question 22

Features of Berlin blockade

Answer 22

Stalin stopped railways blocked roads and blockaded trizonia off from the rest of West berlin
Stopped anyone leaving or entering

Question 23

Features of the Berlin airlifts

Answer 23

Berlin Blockade lasted 318 days
During this time 275000 flights transported 1.5 million tons of supplies
4000 tons everyday
Planes landed every 3 mins at Templhof airport
America would stop Stalin from shooting down planes by placing B-29 Bombers in Britain capable of Nuking eastern europe very quickly.
Stalin would distract US planes by flying USSR planes right next to them
Also used barrage balloons

Question 24

Features of the Berlin crisis

Answer 24

Tension between relations got a lot worse
Germany split up into the Federal republic of germany(west) and German democratic republic(east)
Led to the creation of Nato and then the Warsaw pact
American propaganda success.

Question 25

When was the period of Detente

Answer 25

1970-1979

Question 26

What triggered Detente

Answer 26

Brezhnev didn’t want China to ally themselves with the west and the U.S was fed up with the soviets supplying weapons to there enemies in Vietnam

Question 27

Features of Detente

Answer 27

Because of Detente both stopped the production of ballistic missiles
The outer space treaty of 1967 saw both sides ban all nukes in space
The Apollo soyuz mission of 1975 saw the joint efforts of the U.S and USSR on a space mission docking onto the space station
US helped rejuvenate the USSR’s Economy
Both feared mutually assured destruction
Detente prevented the spread of the arms race BUT DID NOT END IT
in 1972(while not very effective) saw the ban of short range missiles
China did not ally with the U.S
The west withdrew from Vietnam
They cooperated making the world safer
Country boundaries accepted
Human rights respected
Economic cooperation
HOWEVER MISTRUST STILL REMAINED

Question 28

Why did it Detente end

Answer 28

Soviets invade Afghanistan after promising not to due to its socialist reforms