TRUELEARN 19 NOV 2018 Flashcards
what is the initial landmark during a laparoscopic Nissen?
gastrohepatic ligament
the ligamentum teres is the remnant of the _____________________
fetal umbilical vein
prior to dividing the gastrohepatic ligament during a Nissen, care must be taken to avoid what structure?
replaced left hepatic artery (from left gastric)
when does the damage from chronic radiation therapy occur?
6-12 months
what type of damage does chronic radiation therapy do?
- direct damage to DNA
- oxygen free radicals
what characterizes the damage to blood vessels from chronic radiation therapy?
obliterative arteritis (progressive fibrosis of microvasculature - thickening of endothelium)
hypomagnesemia impairs release of what hormone?
PTH (and end organ response to PTH)
what is the most important parameter in determining if a patient can undergo lung resection? what is the threshold value for tolerance?
- FEV1
- if greater than 0.8 L, will tolerate
if a patient’s FEV is too low to tolerate a lung resection, what test should you order?
VP scan
what stimulates the contraction of the gallbladder?
vagus nerve
what inhibits the motor activity of gallbladder contraction?
splanchnic sympathetic stimulation
what is the longest and most variable phase of the cell cycle?
G1
the majority of bile salts are absorbed via _____________ in the ____________
- active transport
- terminal ileum
chemotherapy can be given during what trimesters?
2nd and 3rd (2% risk of fetal malformation)
what is the dohlman procedure?
endoscopic surgery for zenker diverticulum - divides cricopharyngeus while obliterating the sac (esophagus and diverticulum form a common channel)
