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ABSITE TRULEARN 2019 > TRUELEARN 01 JAN 2019 > Flashcards

TRUELEARN 01 JAN 2019 Flashcards

1
Q

the innominate artery branches off from the arch of the aorta and crosses the trachea at approximately the ___ tracheal ring

A

5th

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2
Q

how do GISTs spread?

A

hematogenously

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3
Q

what is the cause of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder?

A

epstein barr virus positive B cells

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4
Q

what breast histologic findings require an excisional biopsy?

A
  • atypical ductal hyperplasia
  • LCIS
  • radial scar
  • papillary lesion
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5
Q

MRSA produces an altered penicillin binding protein encoded by which gene?

A

mecA

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6
Q

what are the three general methods for repair of parastomal hernias?

A
  • primary suture closure of the fascia
  • relocation
  • repair with mesh
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7
Q

what are the normal values for standard secretin test?

A
  • 2.0 cc of pancreatic fluid/kg/hr
  • bicarbonate output greater than 10 mmol/L in one hour
  • amylase secretion of 6-18 IU/kg
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8
Q

what are the secretin test values (normal / increased / decreased) in end stage pancreatitis?

A
  • total volume: DECREASED
  • bibarbonate secretion: DECREASED
  • enzyme secretion: DECREASED
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9
Q

what are the secretin test values (normal / increased / decreased) in chronic pancreatitis?

A
  • total volume: NORMAL
  • bicarbonate secretion: DECREASED
  • enzyme secretion: DECREASED
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10
Q

what are the secretin test values (normal / increased / decreased) in malnutrition?

A
  • total volume: NORMAL
  • bicarbonate secretion: NORMAL
  • enzyme secretion: DECREASED
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11
Q

what are the secretin test values (normal / increased / decreased) in zollinger ellison syndrome?

A
  • total volume: INCREASED
  • bicarbonate secretion: NORMAL
  • enzyme secretion: NORMAL
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12
Q

what are the secretin test values (normal / increased / decreased) in pancreatic cancer?

A
  • total volume: DECREASED
  • bicarbonate secretion: NORMAL
  • enzyme secretion: NORMAL
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13
Q

what makes up the Nigro protocol?

A
  • 5-FU
  • mitomycin C
  • 3000 cGy external beam radiation
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14
Q

what are the estimated weight losses for

  • laparoscopic banding
  • sleeve gastrectomy
  • gastric bypass
  • duodenal switch
A
  • laparoscopic banding: 40-55%
  • sleeve gastrectomy: 55-70%
  • gastric bypass: 60%
  • duodenal switch: 70%
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15
Q

peritoneal dialysis catheters are placed inside the peritoneum and the tip likes in the _______________ space in males and the _______________ space in females

A
  • rectovesical space in males

- rectouterine space in females

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16
Q

what is the most common cause of PATHOLOGICAL nipple discharge?

A

papilloma

17
Q

what are the kcal/kg/day requirements for ages

  • 0-1
  • 1-7
  • 7-12
  • 12-18
  • > 18
A
  • 0-1: 90-125
  • 1-7: 75-90
  • 7-12: 60-75
  • 12-18: 30-60
  • > 18: 25-30
18
Q

what are the different methods for laparoscopic CBD stone extraction?

A
  • basket extraction (fluoroscopy)
  • choledochoscopic basket extraction
  • laparoscopic choledochotomy with balloon sweep extraction
19
Q

what is involved in transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization?

A

nonexcisional; doppler guided ligation of arterial inflow to hemorrhoids along with suture rectopexy

20
Q

what is the rule of thumb for return to activity following pediatric splenic injuries?

A

grade + 2 weeks

21
Q

what is the mainstay of treatment for autoimmune pancreatitis?

A

systemic steroid therapy

22
Q

a demeester score greater than ___ is considered abnormal

A

14.72 (95th percentile)

23
Q

how is a demeester score calculated?

A
  • amount of time below pH 4

- changes in position, duration, and number of episodes

24
Q

how are symptomatic esophageal leiomyomas treated?

A

enucleation

25
Q

what is the forrest classification model?

A

stratification for risk of gastric ulcer bleeding

  • high risk: active bleeding, visible vessel
  • intermediate risk: adherent clot
  • low risk: ulceration with black spot, ulcer with clean base
26
Q

patients with hereditary pancreatitis should be tested for what gene?

A

PRSS1 - cationic trypsinogen gene

27
Q

what is the initial therapy for sigmoid volvulus?

A

colonoscopic decompression

28
Q

medullary thyroid cancer is derived from _______________ cells which arise embryologically from the _____________

A
  • parafollicular cells

- neural crest

29
Q

what vitamin / element deficiency?

  • neutropenia
  • pgimentation changes
  • arrhythmias
A

copper

30
Q

what vitamin / element deficiency?

  • anemia
  • glossitis
  • brittle nails
  • cardiomegaly
A

iron

31
Q

what vitamin / element deficiency?

  • nausea
  • weakness
  • altered mentation
A

magnesium

32
Q

what vitamin / element deficiency?

  • cardiomyopathy
  • growth retardation
  • pain
  • weakness
A

selenium

33
Q

what vitamin / element deficiency?

  • poor wound healing
  • hair loss
  • testicular atrophy
  • diarrhea
  • dermatitis
A

zinc

ABSITE TRULEARN 2019 (12 decks)

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