TROPICAL RAINFORESTS

Question 1

WHAT ARE PLANT ADAPTATIONS

Answer 1

1) all trees have buttress roots
2) Plants have thick waxy leaves with pointed tips- water runs off- no water for fungi
3) smooth thin bark (water runs off)
4) climbing trees to get to the light LINEAS
5) distinct layers of different adaptation

Question 2

WHAT ADAPTATIONS DO ANIMALS HAVE

Answer 2

1) Alot of time in canopy- strong limbs HOWLER MONKEYS
2) flaps of skin to glide FLYING SQUIRREL
3) Camouflage to hide from predators GECKOS
4) Nocturnal- night is cooler save energy SLOTHS
5) Swims JAGUARS
6) birds have pointy wings to manoeuvre between trees HARPY EAGLE

Question 3

WHY ARE TREES CHOPPED DOWN

Answer 3

POPULATION PRESSURE- Land for settlements
MINERAL EXTRACTION- eg. Gold mined for money
ENERGY DEVELOPMENT-dams for hydroelectric power
COMMERCIAL LOGGING- felled to make money
COMMERCIAL FARMING- cattle and palm oil for making fun
SUBSTIENCE FARMING- grow food for self

Question 4

WHAT ARE THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF DEFORESTATION

Answer 4

1) Soil erosion causes landslides,flooding
2) More water reaches soil- reduces soil nutrients
3) Trees remove CO2 from atmosphere
4) Burning vegetation produce CO2
5) causes 15% of CO2 emissions

Question 5

WHAT ARE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF DEFORESTATION

Answer 5

1) Creates jobs
2) Alot of money is made
3) Destroy resources - reduce tourism
4) Loss of animals and plants
5) Livihoods of people lost

Question 6

RATE OF DEFORESTATION

Answer 6

1) Now very high 130,000 km² per year
2) BUT Globally slowing down
3) BRAZIL + INDONESIA HIGHEST

Question 7

WHAT IS THE CASE STUDY

Answer 7

AMAZON RAINFOREST

Question 8

DESCRIBE AMAZON RAINFOREST

Answer 8

1) Largest rainforest on earth - 8 million km²
2) Since 1978 over 750,000km² has been destroyed by deforestation
3) 70% by commercial ranching
4) Population growth putting pressure on Amazon

Question 9

WHAT ARE THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE AMAZON RAINFOREST

Answer 9

1) Stores 100 billion tonnes of carbon - released Global warming
2) Losing 55 million tons of soil - soil erosion - soy farming

Question 10

ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF AMAZON RAINFOREST

Answer 10

1) Wealth to poorer countries
2) Amit of money from farming eg. 2008 Brazil $6.9 billion from cattle
3) Mining industry creates jobs- Peru employs 3100
4) Local Brazilian-rubber rappers lost Livihoods

Question 11

WHAT ARE THE 7 METHODS OF SUSTAINABLE MANAGED

Answer 11

1) SELECTIVE LOGGING
2) REPLANTING
3) ECOTOURISM
4) INTERNATIONAL HARDWOOD AGREEMENTS
5) EDUCATION
6) REDUCING DEBT
7) CONSERVATION

Question 12

WHATS SELECTIVE LOGGING

Answer 12

Only some trees are felled (old ones)
Less damaging because overall forest structure in kept (still canopy)
Will be able to regenerate in the future

Question 13

WHATS REPLANTIING

Answer 13

New trees planted to replace cut down trees
Trees in the future
Same type in the future (variety)

Question 14

WHATS ECOTOURISM

Answer 14

Tourism minimised damage
Smaller number of visitors every time
ENVIRONMENTAL impacts limited (waste + litter)
Income for local people
Local people at tourism less need for farming
COSTA RICA 25%

Question 15

WHATS INTERNATIONAL HARDWOOD AGREEMENTS

Answer 15

HARDWOOD- furniture (becoming rarer)
International agreements reduce illegal
logging
FOREST STEWARDSHIP COUNCIL

Question 16

WHATS EDUCATION

Answer 16

Encouraging people to buy certified products
Local people- don’t know environmental impacts
Alternative ways to make money

Question 17

WHATS REDUCING DEPT

Answer 17

Rainforest in LIC
borrow money from welfare
2008 USA REDUCED PERU DEPT BY 25% IN EXCHANGE FOR RAINFOREST CONSERVATION

Question 18

WHATS CONSERVATION

Answer 18

Set up national parks and nature reserves
Lack of fund
NORWAY PAID BRAZIL BY $1 BILLION