Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pediatrics > Tropical Medicine > Flashcards

Tropical Medicine Flashcards

1
Q

what are some febrile illnesses that cause splenomegaly?

A

malaria, typhoid
EBV –> splenomegaly
CMV –> hepatomegaly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

besides a blood smear positive forthe organism, anemia, and hyperbilirubinemia causedbythistropicalillness

A

malaria

sxs=fever,sleepiness

complication=cerebral malaria –>LOC,death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Malaria with “circular”organisms

A

“diamond ring” == falciparum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the treatment for scabies?

A

permethrine 5% overnight
Benzyl benzoate 10-25%

PO ivermectin 200 mcg/kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

permetrhine 2-3% is used for?

A

head lice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what protozoa can be found in a immunocompetent kid traveling near fresh water, with watery diarrhea

A

Giardia

–> metronidazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

8mo girl came in acute fever and lethargy for 1d. the rash was seen in her body and legs –> petechial rash: microvascular collapse. diagnosis?

A

esp. the lethargy, quick progression
+ thrombocytopena

Neisseria meningitidis

–> concerns about airway, obtundation, septic shock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

traveler’sdiarrhea is usuallycaused by bacteria. but in wha tage group is it more often caused by viruses?

A

<2yo –>b/c not a a very good cytotoxic immune system.

noro/virus/adeno viruses

adults: bacterial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

name 3 laboratory abnormalities typical of typhoid fever

A 
thrombocytopenia
anemia
leukopenia -->inhibit WBC production
high LFTs --> RBCs sequestered in the liver (more easily hemolyzed)
high ESR
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

name a type of malaria can persent months after coming back from an endemic area

A

plasmodium vivax / ovale

==> mature parasitic RBcs –> ready to burst
more mild = lasts longer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

3yo boy in mexico presents with 2d of diarrhea with in loose and mucousy stools. you suspect dysentery. name 3 organisms that can cause this

A

dysentery == bloody diarrhea

Entomoeba histolotica
E. coli
Shigella
Salmonella
Campylobacter
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the current recommneded antibiotics regimen for traveler’s diarrhea

A

Azithromycin 10mg/kg for 5d

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

an 8yo boy returning from iran 1w ago presents with 2d of fever, jheadache, myalgias, cough, and a petechial rash,. you suspect an rickettsial infection. what’s the treatment?

A

Doxycycline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

overnight you admit several children from the same village in Bangladesh who are dehydrated from profuse nonbloody diarrhea and vomting. you suspect cholera. what is the golden standard to diagnose cholera?

A

stool culture for Vibrio cholerae

special media. -can be done

tx=flagyl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

15yo girl with no PMh, livign gin the DR. fever for 2d with mild hA, joint swelling and muscle pains. you suspect chikungunya. she wnats to how long symptoms are expected and whether she’s protected from future episodes

A

10% of chikungunya == monthsto years of joint pain

  • sxs expected for 7d
  • she is likely to be protected from future einfecgtion

usually not as severe are dengue (not as much thrombocytopenias, bone pain)
==> 7 different types of dengue –> can be worse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what types of viral illness are spread by mosquitoes that are during the day?

A

==> aedes aegypti
Dengue
Chikungunya

17
Q

Who recommends the use of ORS and zinc for the management of acute dirrhea. what is the WHo zinc regimen for a child <6yo?

A

10mg/day for 10-14d

for any kid with malnutrition / pneumonia ==> can reduce length of time

Zinc = cofactor for immune system

18
Q

15mo boy comes in with fever and diarrhea. you measure his wieght and mid-uppe arm circumferrence to be bothbelow -3SD of the mean (== moderate malnutrition).

you decide to admit him to severe malnutrition. name 5 treatments you would start him on right away.

A

1) Nutrition = slow
2) Fluids = lightly d/t hypoalbuminemia and third spacing
3) Antibiotics (Amox, if severe ceftriaxone)
4) antipyretic - acetaminophen
5) Vitamins = Zinc (malnourished, diarrhea); VitA (reduce mortality in kids with chornic vitamin deficiency); folic acid (for likely severe anemia)

19
Q

what can VitA help with

A

prevent night blindness
chrinic vitamin deficiency
Measles

20
Q

what tropical febrile illlness presents mrore commonly with abdominal pain and contipation rathe than with diarrhea?

A

typhoid fever ==> perforated bowel

anemia + leukopenia, thrombocytopenia + elevated LFTs

tx = ceftriaxone, amox, fluids

21
Q

what infectious illnesses can look like appendicitis

A

yersinia

typhoid

22
Q

9yo haitian boy has a rash that caused swelling and pruritis for 2d. what is the diagnosis?

angioedema + lack eschar

A

cutaneous anthrax

tx = fluoroquinolone/doxycycline

23
Q

what bugs can cause eschar

A

bacillus anthrax

Leishmaniasis

24
Q

thin child who recently immigrated form Guatemala is asyptomatic but has an absolute eosinophil count of 1100/uL on her intake CBC. what test would you ordernext

A

OMP = ovum, parasite

==> parasites

25
Q

3w after traveling to afghanistan, a 12yo boy develops an ulcerated skin lesion surrounded by a raised, indurated border.

A

cutaneous leishmaniasis

== ulcerated

26
Q

overnight ouadmit several children from the same village in Haiti who are dehydrated from profuse, nonbloody diarhea and vomiting. you dont’ have stool culture at the hospital but you do have a rapid test. how sensitive and specific is it?

A

92%, 91%

rapid test == much more expensive

stool culture== takes longer

27
Q

name 5 tropical diseases that present with persistent fevers >14d

A 
Plasmodium ovale / vivax
Yellow fever
Leischmaniasis
enteric fever
EMV, CMV, toxoplasmosis
acute HIV
Acute schistomiasis 
brucellosis
TB
Q fever
visceral leishmaniasis == migrated to liver.
28
Q

Tropical disease that have quick fevers

A

Typhoids

Ebola

29
Q

anme the rash associated with tropical fever 2-4mml, blanching, irregular macules in trunk. + abd pain and splenomegaly

A

Rose spots

typhoid fever

30
Q

What infections do you have to consider when your patient traveled to a tropical place for vacation and now comes in with:
- fever and rash

A
  • dengue
  • chikungunya
  • rickettsial infection
  • enteric fever (+/- skin lesions)
  • acute HIV infection
  • measles
31
Q

What infections do you have to consider when your patient traveled to a tropical place for vacation and now comes in with:
- fever and abd pain

A
  • enteric fever

- amoebic liver abscess

32
Q

What infections do you have to consider when your patient traveled to a tropical place for vacation and now comes in with:
- undifferentiated fever, nml/low WBC

A
  • dengue
  • malaria
  • rickettsial infection
  • enteric fever
  • chikungunya
33
Q

What infections do you have to consider when your patient traveled to a tropical place for vacation and now comes in with:
- fever and hemorrhage

A
  • viral hemorrhagic fevers (e.g. dengue)
  • meningococcemia
  • leptospirosis
  • rickettsial infection
34
Q

What infections do you have to consider when your patient traveled to a tropical place for vacation and now comes in with:
- fever and eosinophilia

A
  • acute schistosomiasis
  • drug hypersensitivity rxn
  • parasitic infection (e.g. fascioliasis)
35
Q

What infections do you have to consider when your patient traveled to a tropical place for vacation and now comes in with:
- fever and pulmonary infiltrates

A
  • common bacterial / viral pathogens
  • legionellosis
  • acute schistosomiasis
  • q fever
  • leptospirosis
36
Q

What infections do you have to consider when your patient traveled to a tropical place for vacation and now comes in with:
- fever and altered mental status

A
  • cerebral malaria
  • viral/bacterial meningoencephalitis
  • African trypanosomiasis
  • scrub typhus
37
Q

What infections do you have to consider when your patient traveled to a tropical place for vacation and now comes in with:
- mononucleosis syndrome

A
  • EBV
  • CMV
  • toxoplasmosis
  • acute HIV
38
Q

What infections do you have to consider when your patient traveled to a tropical place for vacation and now comes in with:
- fever persisting >2w

A
  • malaria, enteric fever
  • EBV
  • CMV
  • toxoplasmosis
  • acute HIV
  • acute shicstosomiasis
  • brucellosis
  • TB
  • Q fever
  • visceral lesihmaniasis
39
Q

What infections do you have to consider when your patient traveled to a tropical place for vacation and now comes in with:
- fever with onset >6w after travel

A
  • plasmodium vivax / ovale
  • acute hepatitis (B, C, E)
  • TB
  • amoebic liver abscess

Pediatrics (37 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions