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Clinical Med B > trigger words (vertigo and tinnitus) > Flashcards

trigger words (vertigo and tinnitus) Flashcards

1
Q

CNS lesion or vestibular disease

A

causes of disequilibrium

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2
Q

often 1st sign of MS

A

disequilibrium

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3
Q

aural fullness

A

menieres

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4
Q

abnormal of this type of eye movement suggests cerebellar pathologies

A

pursuit or saccade eye movements

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5
Q

snapping a patient’s head from 45 degree angles back to face while they watch your nose

A

head impulse test

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6
Q

if there is no nystagmus this test is positive

A

the caloric test

indicates vestibular, nerve or brain damage

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7
Q

what should you do if you suspect central etiologies or an acoustic neuroma w vertigo

A

an MRI

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8
Q

performed w caloric or chair tilt/movement testing

A

ENG/VNG tests

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9
Q

this test specifically tests otolith function

A

VEMP

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10
Q

measures muscle reaction in response to sound stimulus

A

VEMP

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11
Q

saccule sound response triggers what response

A

ipsilateral SCM contraction

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12
Q

utricle sound response triggers what response

A

EOM potential during head vibraiton

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13
Q

otolith in the possterior semicircular canal

A

BPPV

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14
Q

women past menopause
frequent OM
age>50
whiplash/trauma

A

risk factors for BPPV

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15
Q

vertigo spells lasting less than 1 minute

A

BPPV

could also be perilymphatic fistulas and semicircular canal dehiscence (this lasts only seconds)

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16
Q

short vertigo resulting from turning over in bed

A

BPPV

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17
Q

BPPV subtype w vertical nystagmus

A

horizontal/lateral canal

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18
Q

upward torsional nystagmus

A

BPPV in posterior canal

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19
Q

downward, torsional nystagmus

A

superior/anterior canal BPPV

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20
Q

epley manuever

A

BPPV Otolith REPOSITIONING

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21
Q

semont maneuver

A

BPPV DECONDITIONING

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22
Q

Brandt-Daroff maneuver

A

BPPV deconditioning

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23
Q

treatment used for posterior canal nystagmus on dix-hallpike

A

epley maneuver (otolith repositioning)

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24
Q

deconditioning by turning your head and laying down repeatedly till vertigo goes away

A

Brandt-Daroff maneuver

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25
involving vestibular division of CN8
vestibular neuronitis
26
involving vestibular and cochlear division of CN8
vestibular labyrinthitis
27
due to viral or post-inflammation
vestibular inflammation
28
asymmetrical labyrinthine inputs
vestibular neuronitis/labyrinthitis stimulates continuous head rotation.
29
gait instability TOWARDS the affected side
vestibular inflammation
30
horizontal nystagmus AWAY from affected side
vestibular inflammation
31
what test is used to rule out central etiologies
head impulse test in very suspicious cases you can use MRI
32
corticosteroids w/i 3 days onset and acyclovir/valacyclovir or ABX
treatment for underlying causes of vestibular inflammation
33
promethazine, zofran meclizine diazepam/lorazepam
treats symptoms of vertigo (N/V, anxiety, inflammation) im assuming the antihistamine is for inflammtion but tbh idk
34
vestibular rehabilitation therapy
used for vestibular inflammation can be for months to years
35
endolymphatic hydrops
menieres Endolymphatic hydrops thought to be due to excess endolymph in the inner ear.
36
head injury/trauma, syphilis, female gender
suspected etiologies for menieres also associated w the age 20-40 as well as blocked endolymphatic ducts.
37
unilateral sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo lasting 20min-1 hour
triad for menieres disease
38
low frequency sensorineural hearing loss and "blowing" tinnitus
menieres
39
episodic NV w vertigo, hearing improves between episodes
menieres
40
Clinically diagnosed.
Menieres barotrauma
41
low salt diet, decrease caffeine and alcohol.
menieres
42
chronic treatment includes diuretics such as acetazolamide or HCTZ
menieres
43
positive pressure pulsation into inner ear as treatment
non destructive treatment for refractory meniere's
44
Intratympanic corticosteroid injections
non destructive treatment for refractory meniere's can also be used to treat tinnitus!
45
Endolymphatic shunt
non destructive treatment for refractory meniere's
46
vestibular nerve resection
destructive intervention treatment for refractory meniere's
47
Surgical labyrinthectomy
destructive intervention treatment for refractory meniere's
48
Intratympanic gentamicin injections
destructive intervention treatment for refractory meniere's
49
leaking perilymphatic fluid from inner to middle ear
perilymphatic fistula
50
thinning/absence of the bone above the superior semicircular canal
semicircular canal dehiscence
51
can be caused by valsalva, barotrauma or trauma.
risk factors for semicircular canal dehiscence or perilymphatic fistula
52
semicircular canal dehiscence hearing loss type
conductive
53
perilymphatic fistulas hearing loss type
sensorineural
54
tullio phenomenon
dizziness induced by sound seen in perilymphatic fistulas and semicircular canal dehiscence
55
MRI/CT shows fluid accumulation in round window recess
perilymphatic fistula
56
MRI/CT shows thin or absent bone above superior semicircular canal
Semicircular canal dehiscence
57
bed rest with head elevated. PRN symptomatic meds
perilymphatic fistula or semicircular canal dehiscence
58
refractory tx = surgical patch
perilymphatic fistula or semicircular canal dehiscence
59
buildup of pressure between middle and inner ear
barotrauma
60
negative pressure in middle ear
barotrauma
61
eustachian tube dysfunction
barotrauma
62
inward bulge of eardrum towards inner ear
blocked eustachian tube w barotrauma
63
ear pressure/pain, vertigo, hearing loss unilateral (can be bilateral), tinnitus
barotrauma
64
on exam you see hemorrhage behind TM
barotrauma
65
on exam you see TM perforation
barotrauma
66
myringotomy
barotrauma
67
tympanoplasty
barotrauma
68
use decongestants
prevention for barotrauma
69
vascular, neuromuscular, or eustachian tube etiologies
pulsatile tinnitus
70
tumor of middle ear w HIGH vascularity
paraganglioma/glomus tumor
71
significant weight loss
cause of open eustachian tube leading to patulous eustachian tube
72
autophony
patulous eustachian tube
73
mucosal irritants or surgery as tx
patulous eustachian tube
74
"roaring" tinnitus
patulous eustachian tube
75
PE: ENT, CV, CN
tinnitus PE
76
MRI to r/o vascular abnormalities
tinnitus
77
worsened by depression and insomnia
tinnitus
78
TRT
tinnitus retraining therapy used for tinnitus
79
CBT
tinnitus
80
stress reduction as treatment
tinnitus
81
Noise inducing generators + counseling.
tinnitus
82
TMS
tinnitus

Clinical Med B (22 decks)

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