Trigger 4 Flashcards
1
Q
How does CRP opsonise bacteria?
A
- binds phosphocholine on pathogen surface
2
Q
Give examples of inflammation markers
A
- C-RP
- PAMPS
- Fibrinogen
- VCAM/ ICAM-1
3
Q
Effects of IL-1 beta
A
- fever
- pain
- inflammation
- decreased hunger/nutrient intake
- sleepiness
4
Q
Effects of IFN-Y
A
- activates macrophages
5
Q
Effects of IL-6
A
- fever
- stimulates hepatocytes to make C-RP
6
Q
Which cytokine activates NF-kappaB
A
TNF-alpha
7
Q
2 examples of anti-inflammatory cytokines
A
- TGF-beta
- IL-10
8
Q
What do IFN-Y and IL-6 signal through?
A
JAK/STAT
9
Q
What receptors signal through NF-kappaB
A
- TNF-alpha
- TLR
10
Q
Cause of sepsis
A
- bacteria in blood
- gram -ve e.g. n.meningitidis, coliform
11
Q
Which gram -ve bact has been eliminated due to vaccination? State the vaccines
A
Haemophilus influenzae
- Hib 6 in 1 vacc for babies
- Hib/MenC booster for 1 yr olds
12
Q
How can sepsis lead to hypotension?
A
- proinflam TNF-alpha binds to R
- activates NF-kappa B
- iNOS genes transcribed
- increased NO production –> vasodilation -> hypertension
13
Q
How do NK cells recognise virally infected cells?
A
they lack MHC I
